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Nowadays, research and developments of control system for spinal cord injury (SCI) using functional electrical stimulation (FES) is widely used. Restoring mobility to persons with paraplegia with regard to FES-approaches for function restoration is really challenging issues. A sarcastic view of FES is the complexity control of muscle motor function by the artificial activation of paralyzed muscles...
FES induced movement control is a significantly challenging area due to complexity and non-linearity of musculo-skeletal system. The goal of this study is to design a cycle-to-cycle control of FES-induced swinging motion. In this approach only the quadriceps muscle is stimulated by controlling the amount of stimulation pulsewidth. This time dependent behaviour is successfully compensated for using...
The use of electrical signals to restore the function of paralyzed muscles is called functional electrical stimulation (FES). FES is a promising method to restore mobility to individuals paralyzed due to spinal cord injury. FES induced movement control is a significantly challenging area, mainly emanating from various characteristics of the underlying physiological/biomechanical system. An approach...
Characterization of electrically stimulated muscle is complex because of the non-linearity and time-varying nature of the system with interdependent variables. The muscle model consists of relatively well known time-invariant passive properties and uncertain time-variant active properties. The objective of this study is to develop an active properties model that can be implemented in biomechanical...
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