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Earlier, we reported that S6K1 −/− mice have reduced body fat mass, have elevated rates of lipolysis, have severely decreased adipocyte size, and are resistant to high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Here we report that adipocytes of S6K1 −/− mice on a HFD have the capacity to increase in size to a degree comparable to that of wild-type (WT) mice, but not in number, indicating an unexpected...
As chronic inflammation is a hallmark of obesity, pathways that integrate nutrient- and pathogen sensing pathways are of great interest in understanding the mechanisms of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and other chronic metabolic pathologies. Here, we provide evidence that double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) can respond to nutrient signals as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)...
Strong evidence indicates that regulated mRNA translation in neuronal dendrites underlies synaptic plasticity and brain development. The fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) is involved in this process; here, we show that it acts by inhibiting translation initiation. A binding partner of FMRP, CYFIP1/Sra1, directly binds the translation initiation factor eIF4E through a domain that is structurally...
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis may play a crucial role in loss of pancreatic β cell mass, contributing to the development of diabetes. Here we show that induction of 4E-BP1, the suppressor of the mRNA 5′ cap-binding protein eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), is involved in β cell survival under ER stress. 4E-BP1 expression was increased in islets under ER stress in several...
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