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Distributed hash tables (DHTs) have been prevalent within the Internet community for many years. Crawling a DHT network allows researchers to monitor the behavior of peers, determine their geographic location, and predict their trend, etc. To characterize a DHT network accurately and comprehensively, the measurements should be conducted in the long term, which are rarely considered in the former studies...
Kad is a P2P protocol which has about 1 million concurrent online users. The eclipse attack is one of the most severe threats in Kad. In this paper, we propose a distributed verification approach to defend against the eclipse attack in Kad. Previous works mostly concentrate on ID generation or secure routing algorithm. Our approach utilizes many benign peers to prove that the storage peer is valid...
ID uniqueness is essential in DHT-based systems as peer lookup and resource searching rely on ID-matching. Many previous works and measurements on Kad do not take into account that IDs among peers may not be unique. We observe that a significant portion of peers, 19.5% of the peers in routing tables and 4.5% of the active peers (those who respond to Kad protocol), do not have unique IDs. These repetitions...
As the first DHT implemented in real applications and involving millions of simultaneous users, all aspects of Kad must be analyzed and measured carefully. This paper focuses on measuring the routing table of Kad in eMule/aMule. We present and analyze the availability and stability of routing table by crawling actively. We find the phenomenon of ID repetition in Kad that many peers use a same ID simultaneously,...
Kademlia-based DHT has been deployed in many P2P applications and it is reported that there are millions of simultaneous users in Kad network. For such a protocol that significantly involves so many peers, its robustness and security must be evaluated carefully. In this paper, we analyze the Kademlia protocol and identify several potential vulnerabilities. We classify potential attacks as three types:...
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