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This paper presents the identification of a lumped thermal model for one floor of a large office building consisting of partitioned cubicles and conference rooms. The space is instrumented with a large number of interior temperature sensors as well as supply-air temperature and flowrate sensors. Roof top solar radiation data is also available. The first step in the model identification process is...
The nonnegative least squares problems are useful in applications where the physical nature of problem domain permits only additive linear combinations. We discuss the l1-regularized nonnegative least squares (L1-NLS) problem, where l1-regularization is used to induce sparsity. Although l1-regularization has been successfully used in least squares regression, when combined with nonnegativity constraints,...
Energy consumption in data centers has increased over the years. A significant percentage of the total energy required by data centers may be consumed by cooling equipment. To decrease cooling cost, incorporation of air-side economization, or “free” cooling, which utilizes locally available outside air to augment or replace the cooling capacity provided by traditional data center cooling infrastructure,...
Reduction of resource consumption in data centers is becoming a growing concern for data center designers, operators and users. Accordingly, interest in the use of renewable energy to provide some portion of a data center's overall energy usage is also growing. One key concern is that the amount of renewable energy necessary to satisfy a typical data center's power consumption can lead to prohibitively...
Nearly every aspect of modern life is laced with questions and choices regarding sustainability. Some questions are pervasive, e.g., should I print this IEEE Potentials article or should I read it online? Others are subtle and we might not think consciously about them, e.g., how much CO2 does a Google search release into the atmosphere? Still others are knotty conundrums: how do we encourage and incentivize...
To reduce the cost associated with screening lifecycle assessments (LCAs), we propose treating LCA as a data mining problem and automating the process of assigning impact factors to inventory components. We describe three sub-problems involved in automating LCA and provide illustrative case studies for each. The results from an automated data mining approach are comparable to those obtained from the...
In recent years, there has been intense focus on increasing the energy efficiency of IT infrastructure. We advocate the need to consider energy consumption holistically over the entire lifetime of these devices. Life cycle energy considerations include a number of factors, of which operational energy consumption is just one. Of all the IT components, networks have received relatively little attention...
Data mining techniques make it possible to automate product life-cycle assessment with reasonable accuracy, even in cases of low-quality inventory data.
Exergo-thermo-volumes provide a novel approach to simultaneously quantify the thermofluidic performance, operational cost, and environmental sustainability of a given thermal management system. In this work, we demonstrate the use of exergo-thermo-volumes to optimize the cooling infrastructure of a data center along the above criteria. The paper begins with an overview of the methodology and its use...
Numerical modeling of data centers was introduced nearly 10 years ago and has become ubiquitous in the industry. Aside from computational fluid dynamics, a number of alternative approaches have been investigated to reduce model runtime while maintaining accuracy. Less attention, however, has been paid to utilizing the output of such tools to assess the availability and operational margin of IT equipment...
The environmental cost of production-the impacts of effluents such as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, air particulates, and water pollutants-on society and the environment is a growing global concern for governments, corporations, and consumers. Proposed regulatory schemes seek to address many of these environmental problems by imposing policies to internalize the environmental costs associated with...
Cloud computing is gaining in popularity. At the same time, the global community is becoming increasingly conscious about sustainability. While intuitively Cloud computing, due to resource consolidation and virtualization, economies of large scale, delivery on demand, etc., has the potential to be more sustainable than well tuned data centers, this is not guaranteed. To evaluate and understand Cloud...
The networking infrastructure is becoming a growing portion of the energy footprint in data centers as well as information technology in general. In this paper, we evaluate energy management strategies for network switches. We begin by performing a lifecycle assessment of existing switches in a data center, and find that the use phase of the lifecycle dominates. We then parametrically examine various...
Today's data centers consume vast amounts of energy, leading to high operational costs, excessive water consumption, and significant greenhouse gas emissions. With the approach of micro grids, an opportunity exists to reduce the environmental impact and cost of power in data centers. To realize this, demand side power consumption needs to be understood and co-managed from the perspectives of both...
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