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The optical features of the internal dipole radiation have major impact on the emission pattern and overall device efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). We provide some general directives on how the OLED layered stack should be designed in order to enable precise measurements of the active optical properties of the emissive material (namely internal electroluminescence spectrum, profile...
The orientation of the emissive dipole moments in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has a major impact on the optical outcoupling efficiency and, consequently, on the device performance as well as on possible optimization strategies. In this study we propose and demonstrate a general method to quantify the amounts of parallel and perpendicular emissive sites in OLEDs. The presented in situ-method...
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