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Food web theory is increasing in importance, along with the decline in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning observed currently. Recently, parasites have been included in several well-characterised food web models based on natural systems of the biosphere, however the reception of this work by ecologists has been mixed. Here we review the contemporary concepts of ‘food web’ and ‘parasite’ and attempt...
Some species of zoosporic fungi in the Phylum Blastocladiomycota are obligate parasites of invertebrate animals. Various stages in the life history of the host can be infected, including eggs, larvae and adults. Some parasites, such as some species of Coelomomyces, alternate between two hosts; while others, such as some species of Catenaria, require only one host for reproduction. Infection generally...
Chytrids are very important components of freshwater ecosystems, but the ecological significance of this group of fungi is not well understood. This review considers some of the significant environmental factors affecting growth and population composition of chytrids in aquatic habitats. The physical factors include primarily salinity, dissolved oxygen concentration and temperature. The biological...
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