Search results for: Dominique A. Caugant

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Narrative review of methods and findings of recent studies on the carriage of meningococci and other Neisseria species in the African Meningitis Belt

Brian M. Greenwood, Abraham Aseffa, Dominique A. Caugant, Kanny Diallo, more

Tropical Medicine & International Health > 24 > 2 > 143 - 154

Objective To review the findings of studies of pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and related species conducted in the African meningitis belt since a previous review published in 2007. Methods PubMed and Web of Science were searched in July 2018 using the terms ‘meningococcal OR Neisseria meningitidis OR lactamica AND carriage AND Africa’, with the search limited to papers published...

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New molecular tools for meningitis diagnostics in Ethiopia – a necessary step towards improving antimicrobial prescription

Guro K. Bårnes, Esayas Kebede Gudina, Melkamu Berhane, Alemseged Abdissa, more

BMC Infectious Diseases > 2018 > 18 > 1 > 1-14

Background Meningitis remains a top cause of premature death and loss of disability-adjusted life years in low-income countries. In resource-limited settings, proper laboratory diagnostics are often scarce and knowledge about national and local epidemiology is limited. Misdiagnosis, incorrect treatment and overuse of antibiotics are potential consequences, especially for viral meningitis. Methods...

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Four years of case‐based surveillance of meningitis following the introduction of MenAfriVac in Moissala, Chad: lessons learned

Anne‐Laure Page, Matthew E. Coldiron, Kadidja Gamougam, Mahmaat Ali Acyl, more

Tropical Medicine & International Health > 22 > 12 > 1561 - 1568

Objective Case‐based surveillance of bacterial meningitis in sentinel districts has been recommended after the introduction of the conjugated vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (NmA), MenAfriVac, in the African meningitis belt. Here we report data and lessons learnt from four years of surveillance in the district of Moissala, Chad. Methods All suspected cases of meningitis were...

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Diagnosis, management, and causes of meningitis in the Gaza Strip: an analysis of guidelines, field assessment, and microbiological study

Bjørn G Iversen, Siri L Feruglio, Susanne Dudman, Abdelnasser Soboh, more

The Lancet > 2017 > 390 > S2 > S17

Reported rates of bacterial and viral (aseptic) meningitis are much higher in the Gaza Strip than in the West Bank. In the Gaza Strip the capacity for microbiological diagnostic testing is limited. The aim of the study was to assess clinical laboratory diagnosis and management of meningitis in the Gaza Strip and to identify the microbiological causes of meningitis. The assessment followed general...

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Meningococcal disease in the Middle East and Africa: Findings and updates from the Global Meningococcal Initiative

Ray Borrow, Dominique A. Caugant, Mehmet Ceyhan, Hannah Christensen, more

Journal of Infection > 2017 > 75 > 1 > 1-11

The Global Meningococcal Initiative (GMI) has recently considered current issues in Middle Eastern and African countries, and produced two recommendations: (i) that vaccination of attendees should be considered for some types of mass-gathering events, as some countries mandate for the Hajj, and (ii) vaccination of people with human immunodeficiency virus should be used routinely, because of increased...

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Outer membrane phospholipase A’s roles in Helicobacter pylori acid adaptation

Hilde S. Vollan, Tone Tannæs, Dominique A. Caugant, Gert Vriend, more

Gut Pathogens > 2017 > 9 > 1 > 1-13

Background The pH of the human gastric mucosa varies around 2.5 so that only bacteria with strong acidic stress tolerance can colonize it. The ulcer causing Helicobacter pylori thrives in the gastric mucosa. We analyse the roles of the key outer membrane protein OMPLA in its roles in acid tolerance. Results The homology model of Helicobacter pylori outer membrane phospholipase A (OMPLA) reveals...

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Whole genome sequencing reveals within-host genetic changes in paired meningococcal carriage isolates from Ethiopia

Guro K. Bårnes, Ola Brønstad Brynildsrud, Bente Børud, Bereket Workalemahu, more

BMC Genomics > 2017 > 18 > 1 > 1-14

Background Meningococcal colonization is a prerequisite for transmission and disease, but the bacterium only very infrequently causes disease while asymptomatic carriage is common. Carriage is highly dynamic, showing a great variety across time and space within and across populations, but also within individuals. The understanding of genetic changes in the meningococcus during carriage, when the bacteria...

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Hierarchical genomic analysis of carried and invasive serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis during the 2011 epidemic in Chad

Kanny Diallo, Kadija Gamougam, Doumagoum M. Daugla, Odile B. Harrison, more

BMC Genomics > 2017 > 18 > 1 > 1-13

Background Serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis (NmA) was the cause of the 2011 meningitis epidemics in Chad. This bacterium, often carried asymptomatically, is considered to be an “accidental pathogen”; however, the transition from carriage to disease phenotype remains poorly understood. This study examined the role genetic diversity might play in this transition by comparing genomes from geographically...

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Prevalence and epidemiology of meningococcal carriage in Southern Ethiopia prior to implementation of MenAfriVac, a conjugate vaccine

Guro K. Bårnes, Paul A. Kristiansen, Demissew Beyene, Bereket Workalemahu, more

BMC Infectious Diseases > 2016 > 16 > 1 > 1-14

Background Neisseria meningitidis colonizes humans and transmits mainly by asymptomatic carriage. We sought to determine the prevalence and epidemiology of meningococcal carriage in Ethiopia prior to the introduction of MenAfriVac, a serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine. Methods A cross-sectional meningococcal carriage study was conducted in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia. A total of 7479...

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Genomic Analysis of the Evolution and Global Spread of Hyper-invasive Meningococcal Lineage 5

Odile B. Harrison, James E. Bray, Martin C.J. Maiden, Dominique A. Caugant

EBioMedicine > 2015 > 2 > 3 > 234-243

The predominant model for bacterial pandemics is the emergence of a virulent variant that diversifies as it spreads in human populations. We investigated a 40-year meningococcal disease pandemic caused by the hyper-invasive ET-5/ST-32 complex.A global collection of Neisseria meningitidis isolates dating from 1969 to 2008 was whole genome sequenced (WGS) and analysed using a gene-by-gene approach at...

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A broadly-protective vaccine against meningococcal disease in sub-Saharan Africa based on Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA)

Oliver Koeberling, Emma Ispasanie, Julia Hauser, Omar Rossi, more

Vaccine > 2014 > 32 > 23 > 2688-2695

Neisseria meningitidis causes epidemics of meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa. These have mainly been caused by capsular group A strains, but W and X strains are increasingly contributing to the burden of disease. Therefore, an affordable vaccine that provides broad protection against meningococcal disease in sub-Saharan Africa is required.We prepared Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA)...

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Variability of genes encoding surface proteins used as vaccine antigens in meningococcal endemic and epidemic strain panels from Norway

Johan Holst, Maurizio Comanducci, Stefania Bambini, Alessandro Muzzi, more

Vaccine > 2014 > 32 > 23 > 2722-2731

Surface-expressed protein antigens such as factor H-binding protein (fHbp), Neisserial adhesin A (NadA), Neisserial heparin-binding antigen (NHBA) and Porin protein A (PorA); all express sequence variability that can affect their function as protective immunogens when used in meningococcal serogroup B vaccines like the recently-approved 4CMenB (Bexsero^®). We assessed the sequence variation of genes...

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Persistent low carriage of serogroup A Neisseria meningitidistwo years after mass vaccination with the meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenAfriVac

Paul A Kristiansen, Absatou Ky Ba, Abdoul-Salam Ouédraogo, Idrissa Sanou, more

BMC Infectious Diseases > 2014 > 14 > 1 > 1-11

Background The conjugate vaccine against serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis (NmA), MenAfriVac, is currently being introduced throughout the African meningitis belt. In repeated multicentre cross-sectional studies in Burkina Faso we demonstrated a significant effect of vaccination on NmA carriage for one year following mass vaccination in 2010. A new multicentre carriage study was performed in October-November...

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Predicted strain coverage of a meningococcal multicomponent vaccine (4CMenB) in Europe: a qualitative and quantitative assessment

Ulrich Vogel, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Julio A Vazquez, Jamie Findlow, more

The Lancet Infectious Diseases > 2013 > 13 > 5 > 416-425

A novel multicomponent vaccine against meningococcal capsular group B (MenB) disease contains four major components: factor-H-binding protein, neisserial heparin binding antigen, neisserial adhesin A, and outer-membrane vesicles derived from the strain NZ98/254. Because the public health effect of the vaccine, 4CMenB (Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Siena, Italy), is unclear, we assessed the predicted...

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Effectively introducing a new meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in Africa: The Burkina Faso experience

Mamoudou H. Djingarey, Rodrigue Barry, Mete Bonkoungou, Sylvestre Tiendrebeogo, more

Vaccine > 2012 > 30 > Supplement 2 > B40-B45

A new Group A meningococcal (Men A) conjugate vaccine, MenAfriVac™, was prequalified by the World Health Organization (WHO) in June 2010. Because Burkina Faso has repeatedly suffered meningitis epidemics due to Group A Neisseria meningitidis special efforts were made to conduct a country-wide campaign with the new vaccine in late 2010 and before the onset of the next epidemic meningococcal disease...

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Laboratory quality control in a multicentre meningococcal carriage study in Burkina Faso

Paul A. Kristiansen, Abdoul-Salam Ouédraogo, Idrissa Sanou, Absatou Ky Ba, more

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene > 2012 > 106 > 5 > 289-297

To investigate the potential herd immunity effect of MenAfriVac, a new conjugate vaccine against serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis, a multiple cross-sectional carriage study was conducted in three districts in Burkina Faso in 2009, yielding a total of 20 326 oropharyngeal samples. A major challenge was the harmonisation of operational procedures and ensuring the reliability of results. Here we describe...

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Pherotypes of pneumococcal strains co-existing in healthy children

Didrik F. Vestrheim, Peter Gaustad, Ingeborg S. Aaberge, Dominique A. Caugant

Infection, Genetics and Evolution > 2011 > 11 > 7 > 1703-1708

Genetic diversity in the species Streptococcus pneumoniae is mainly driven by horizontal gene transfer. S. pneumoniae is naturally competent for transformation. Competence is induced by a pheromone termed competence stimulating peptide (CSP) by a quorum-sensing mechanism. Two CSP pherotypes predominate amongst clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae, CSP-1 and CSP-2, with ability to trigger competence...

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Indirect effect of conjugate pneumococcal vaccination in a 2+1 dose schedule

Didrik F. Vestrheim, E. Arne Høiby, Marianne R. Bergsaker, Karin Rønning, more

Vaccine > 2010 > 28 > 10 > 2214-2221

In 2006, the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in the Norwegian Childhood Vaccination Programme in a 2+1 dose schedule; immunisations are administered at 3, 5 and 12 months. Changes in invasive pneumococcal disease in all ages from the baseline years 2004–2005 to 2008 were assessed, focusing on the indirect effect in the unvaccinated population.Following the introduction...

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Meningococcal carriage and disease—Population biology and evolution

Dominique A. Caugant, Martin C.J. Maiden

Vaccine > 2009 > 27 > Supplement 2 > B64-B70

Meningococcal disease occurs worldwide with incidence rates varying from 1 to 1000 cases per 100,000. The causative organism, Neisseria meningitidis, is an obligate commensal of humans, which normally colonizes the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract without causing invasive disease, a phenomenon known as carriage. Studies using molecular methods have demonstrated the extensive genetic diversity...

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Tracking Airborne Legionella and Legionella pneumophila at a Biological Treatment Plant

Janet Martha Blatny, Bjørn Anders P. Reif, Gunnar Skogan, Oyvind Andreassen, more

Environmental Science & Technology > 2008 > 42 > 19 > 7360 - 7367

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Search results for: Dominique A. Caugant

Narrative review of methods and findings of recent studies on the carriage of meningococci and other Neisseria species in the African Meningitis Belt

New molecular tools for meningitis diagnostics in Ethiopia – a necessary step towards improving antimicrobial prescription

Four years of case‐based surveillance of meningitis following the introduction of MenAfriVac in Moissala, Chad: lessons learned

Diagnosis, management, and causes of meningitis in the Gaza Strip: an analysis of guidelines, field assessment, and microbiological study

Meningococcal disease in the Middle East and Africa: Findings and updates from the Global Meningococcal Initiative

Outer membrane phospholipase A’s roles in Helicobacter pylori acid adaptation

Whole genome sequencing reveals within-host genetic changes in paired meningococcal carriage isolates from Ethiopia

Hierarchical genomic analysis of carried and invasive serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis during the 2011 epidemic in Chad

Prevalence and epidemiology of meningococcal carriage in Southern Ethiopia prior to implementation of MenAfriVac, a conjugate vaccine

Genomic Analysis of the Evolution and Global Spread of Hyper-invasive Meningococcal Lineage 5

A broadly-protective vaccine against meningococcal disease in sub-Saharan Africa based on Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA)

Variability of genes encoding surface proteins used as vaccine antigens in meningococcal endemic and epidemic strain panels from Norway

Persistent low carriage of serogroup A Neisseria meningitidistwo years after mass vaccination with the meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenAfriVac

Predicted strain coverage of a meningococcal multicomponent vaccine (4CMenB) in Europe: a qualitative and quantitative assessment

Effectively introducing a new meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in Africa: The Burkina Faso experience

Laboratory quality control in a multicentre meningococcal carriage study in Burkina Faso

Pherotypes of pneumococcal strains co-existing in healthy children

Indirect effect of conjugate pneumococcal vaccination in a 2+1 dose schedule

Meningococcal carriage and disease—Population biology and evolution

Tracking Airborne Legionella and Legionella pneumophila at a Biological Treatment Plant

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