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Previous investigations of somatic hypersensitivity in IBS patients have typically involved only a single stimulus modality, and little information exists regarding whether patterns of somatic pain perception vary across stimulus modalities within a group of patients with IBS. Therefore, the current study was designed to characterize differences in perceptual responses to a battery of noxious somatic...
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in which the underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood; however, increased intestinal permeability in diarrhea-predominant IBS patients has been reported. Here we demonstrate that diarrhea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) patients display increased intestinal permeability. We have also found that increased intestinal membrane permeability...
Previously, we demonstrated that placebo analgesia (PA) accompanies reductions in neural activity during painful stimulation. This study investigated areas of the brain where the neural activity was increased during PA. The literature has associated PA with two potential mechanisms of action; one sustained (e.g., engaged for the duration of PA), the other, transitory (e.g., a feedback mechanism)....
Chronic abdominal pain is a common gastrointestinal symptom experienced by patients. We have previously shown that IBS patients with visceral hypersensitivity also have evidence of thermal hypersensitivity of the hand and foot that is reversed by rectal lidocaine jelly. We have also recently developed an animal model of chronic visceral and somatic hypersensitivity in rats treated with intracolonic...
Background. Chronic abdominal pain is one of the most common gastrointestinal symptoms experienced by patients. Visceral hypersensitivity has been shown to be a biological marker in many patients with chronic visceral pain. We have previously shown that IBS patients with visceral hypersensitivity also have evidence of thermal hyperalgesia of the hand/foot. Objective. The objective of the current study...
While ethics of placebo use has been debated since discovery of the phenomena, there has yet to be a study that examines the aftereffect of individuals learning of a personal placebo response on their future ability to experience a placebo response. In the first study, eleven participants diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome in a placebo study were interviewed individually about their personal...
Previous experiments found that placebos produced small decreases in neural activity of pain-related areas of the brain, yet decreases were only statistically significant after termination of stimuli and in proximity to when subjects rated them. These changes could reflect report bias rather than analgesia. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study examined whether placebo analgesia...
A study was conducted to determine whether changes in expected pain levels, desire for pain relief, or anxiety contribute to an increase in placebo analgesia over time as well as to determine whether placebo analgesic effects of IBS patients are related to endogenous opioid mechanisms. Twenty-six women with IBS were exposed to rectal stimulation (35 or 55mmHg for 30s) and tested under natural history...
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common intestinal ailment of which the pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood. Most IBS patients demonstrate enhanced perception, visceral hypersensitivity, in response to distension of the gut lumen but there are conflicting results about changes in somatic sensitivity. This study focused on the possible contribution of abnormal pain sensitization...
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common gastrointestinal illnesses and is characterized by altered visceral perception. The aim of the study was to determine if local anesthetic blockade of peripheral visceral nociceptive input reduces both visceral and cutaneous secondary hyperalgesia in IBS patients. Ten women with IBS (mean age 30+/-10 years) and ten control subjects (all women)...
In order to investigate external factors that may influence the magnitude of placebo analgesia as well as psychological factors that mediate placebo analgesia, 13 irritable bowl syndrome (IBS) patients rated evoked rectal distension and cutaneous heat pain under the conditions of natural history (NH), rectal placebo (RP), rectal nocebo (RN), rectal lidocaine (RL) and oral lidocaine (OL). Patients...
Approximately 697,000 United States military personnel participated in the Persian Gulf War (PGW) between August 1990 and March 1991. By April 1997, over 25% of veterans reported chronic health complaints of underdetermined etiology. Gastrointestinal symptoms were among the most frequently reported symptoms including abdominal pain and diarrhea. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine if...
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common gastrointestinal illnesses and is characterized by altered visceral perception. Previous studies in IBS have failed to demonstrate altered somatic or cutaneous perception. The aims of the study were to determine whether IBS patients have visceral hypersensitivity and cutaneous heat-induced hyperalgesia restricted to lumbosacral dermatomes, consistent...
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