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Elevation beamforming and Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) has been an active area of research and standardization in 3GPP LTE-Advanced. In an FD-MIMO system, a base station with 2-dimensional (2D) active array supports multi-user joint elevation and azimuth beamforming (a.k.a. 3D beamfoming), which results in much higher cell capacity compared to conventional systems. Recent study has shown that with...
Mobile data traffic is expected to have an exponential growth in the future. In order to meet the challenge as well as the form factor limitation at the base station, 2D “Massive MIMO”, combined with OFDM, has been proposed as one of the enabling technologies to significantly increase the spectral efficiency of a broadband wireless system. In 2D broadband MIMO-OFDM systems, a base station will rely...
In this paper we present a practical 2-Dimensional (2D) active antenna array configuration for Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) systems. The basic antenna element is a 1H × 4V (i.e. 1 element in the horizontal and 4 in the vertical direction), patch antenna array referred to as sub-array, fed with a single port. The MIMO array is comprised of 8H × 4V such sub-arrays spaced at 0.5λH x 2λV, with a total...
In this paper, we study the overall development of Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) technology in the context of next generation evolution towards B4G and 5G cellular systems. FD-MIMO relies on a large number of antennas placed in a 2-dimensional antenna array panel at base stations (BSs). Utilizing the 2-dimensional antenna array, FD-MIMO simultaneously transmits to a large number of mobile stations...
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