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A self-standing porous carbon nanofiber (PCNF) matrix with controllable shallow hierarchical mesoporous structure on ∼40 nm of the top layer and microporous network in the fiber bulk has been prepared by electrospinning technology coupled with Mg(NO3)2 treatment in a one-step carbonization without further treatment. By regulating the heating rate during carbonization, PCNF with high specific surface...
The sodium-ion battery (SIB) has been considered as one of the most important and promising candidates for large-scale storage of electrical energy. Developing cost-effective but high-performance anode materials is crucial for SIBs. Herein a hard carbon-based anode material is synthesized from polyurethane foam. In order to boost its performance, NaCl, one of the most abundant and low-cost salts in...
N-enriched mesoporous carbon nanofibers (NMCNFs) were prepared by an electrospinning technique using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets both as sacrificial template and N-doping source. The resultant NMCNF film has a high N-doping level of 8.6wt% and a high specific surface area of 554m2g−1. When directly used as the electrode material for supercapacitor, the free-standing NMPCNF film shows...
Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) are attractive precursors for high-density, high-strength polycrystalline graphite due to their self-sintering capability. They have the shape of a standard sphere and stack in a completely random orientation during compaction, thereby leading to an isotropic texture. In this paper, MCMB-based graphite shows better isotropic property than commercial nuclear graphite,...
Graphite materials are used in high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTR) as moderator and reflector. Nuclear graphite is currently manufactured using coke as the filler; however, improvements in the performance of nuclear graphite are anticipated in order to enhance the safety and lifetime of HTRs. Natural microcrystalline graphite (MG), which is a metamorphic product of coal, is an emerging candidate...
A series of novel microdomain-graphitized polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based nanofibers were prepared by adding varied amounts of graphene oxide into the precursor via the electrospinning method. These hybrid electrospun nanofibers with were stabilized in ambient atmosphere, carbonized in nitrogen atmosphere and treated in NH3 atmosphere for NO oxidation with low concentration (50ppm) at room temperature...
Fibrous carbon materials have a variety of dimensions and structures. However, these materials were earlier restricted for use as anode materials for lithium ion batteries due to their cost and performance. With the development of nanotechnology, some modified and new forms of carbon fibers have emerged, which show good performance as anode materials. This paper reviews recent domestic and foreign...
We report a novel monolithic porous carbon constructed by the hydrothermal self-assembly of graphene oxide sheets with poly (vinyl alcohol) as the linker in the formation process of a three-dimensional (3D) structure. All the pores in this carbon have circular cross-sections and range from micropores to mesopores to macropores and are formed by the gradual removal of trapped water. This 3D graphene...
Microporous carbon ultrafine fibers with different diameter were prepared by electrospinning from resole-type phenolic resin, followed by heat curing and one-step carbonization, and their adsorption performance for benzene and water was evaluated. Average diameter of as-spun fibers changed from 1.1 to 0.33μm with increasing dimethylformamide content in the spinning solution, caused by more fiber divisions...
Graphene oxide was synthesized from expanded graphite powder by a simple one-step oxidation method. A CuO/graphene composite was then obtained using a hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized using AFM, XRD, SEM, TEM and electrochemical measurements. Results show that CuO acts as a spacer to prevent the agglomeration of graphene sheets. The graphene formed a 3D conducting network for fast...
An asymmetric supercapacitor with high energy and power densities has been fabricated using MnO 2 /carbon nanofiber composites as positive electrode and activated carbon nanofibers as negative electrode in Na 2 SO 4 aqueous electrolyte. Both electrode materials are freestanding in nature without any conductive additives or binders and exhibit outstanding electrochemical performances...
We demonstrate the potential use of asphalt emulsions as a binder for the preparation of polycrystalline graphite. An emulsion mixing method was adopted to create the natural microcrystalline graphite and asphalt binder mixture, and graphite samples with a bulk density of 1.7g/cm 3 and a flexural strength of ca. 22MPa were prepared. This approach is advantageous because of the uniformity of...
The preparation of self-assembled ordered mesoporous carbons (SA-OMCs) using a soft template method has many advantages, such as low cost, ease of preparation and control. In this paper, we review the development periods, the basic principles and preparation procedures with an emphasis on the control of morphology and multi-level pore structure of OMCs based on SA-OMCs. We suggest that further research...
We have investigated the production of nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) from liquid acetonitrile and demonstrated that there is a critical feed rate of acetonitrile for the growth of NG. Graphene sheets could be obtained at feed rate lower than 0.08mL/min. While at 0.08mL/min or above, only polycrystalline carbon films could be obtained. Therefore, selective synthesis of NG or carbon films could be achieved...
N-doped carbon thin films (N-CFMs) on copper foils are synthesized by using acetonitrile (CH 3 CN) as liquid carbon and nitrogen precursors in a chemical vapor deposition system. Effect of acetonitrile feeding amount on the optical transmittance and electrical conductivity of N-CFMs are investigated. It is found that both the transmittance (from ∼41% to ∼75%) and sheet resistance (from ∼700Ω/sq...
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