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A versatile and sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor based on two layers of graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles (GO-AuNPs) composites was designed for the detection of microRNA (miRNA) and small molecule adenosine. The bottom layer, which acted as a functionalized substrate on the sensor chip, provided a high specific surface area convenient for the immobilization of capture DNA molecules...
The detection of nucleic acids is fundamental for studying their functions and for the development of biological studies and medical diagnostics. Herein, we report a new strategy for nucleic acid amplified detection by combining target-catalyzed dynamic assembly with host–guest interaction between β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP) and pyrene. In this strategy, a metastable pyrene-labeled hairpin DNA...
A novel electrochemical DNA sensor was developed here by using peroxidase-like G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme as a biocatalytic label. A hairpin structure including the G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme in a caged configuration and the target DNA probe were immobilized on Au-electrode surface. Upon hybridization with the target, the hairpin structure was opened, and the G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme was generated...
The influence of silver ions on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis has been investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Both single cell and cell communities were visualized, and the nanoscale ultrastructure images of these two bacteria strains before and after stimulation of silver ions were obtained. The results showed that in the case of E. coli after treatment with silver ions,...
This report has described a convenient genotyping method capable of detecting point mutations directly in human genomic DNA based on the combination of ligase chain reaction (LCR) and microbead-enrichment technique. LCR primers, including a biotin-labeled common primer and two fluorescence-labeled allele-specific primers, are designed for two alleles of a mutated site. When genomic DNA carries the...
An assay for rapid and direct detection of DNA/mRNA using cationic fluorescent polymer based on one-dimensional microfluidic beads array (1-D chip) has been developed. The cationic water-soluble polythiophene derivatives can easily transduce hybridization events into measurable optical signal due to the conformational changes of the conjugated backbone, when mixed with single-stranded or double-stranded...
Traditional methods to assay enzymatic cleavage of DNA are discontinuous, time-consuming and laborious. Here, we report a new approach for real-time monitoring of double-stranded DNA cleavage by restriction endonuclease based on nucleic acid ligation using molecular beacon. Upon cleavage of DNA, the cleavage product can be ligated by DNA ligase, which results in a fluorescence enhancement of the molecular...
A novel RNA-templated single-base mutation detection method based on T4 DNA ligase and reverse molecular beacon (rMB) has been developed and successfully applied to identification of single-base mutation in codon 273 of the p53 gene. The discrimination was carried out using allele-specific primers, which flanked the variable position in the target RNA and was ligated using T4 DNA ligase only when...
A sensitive method for rapid angiogenin (Ang) detection based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been described. A dual-labeled probe based on high affinity aptamer for Ang was constructed. As donor and acceptor, 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and 6-carboxy-tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) were labeled at 5′- and 3′-termini of the aptamer probe, respectively. The dual-labeled probe showed...
Melting curve analysis is a powerful tool for detecting single-base mutations that may be linked to genetic diseases. Current existing methods provide insignificant melting point difference for some point mutations with the risk of wrong genotyping results, causing great limitations to their applications in clinic diagnosis. Here, we have developed an enhanced melting point difference approach to...
A fluorescent optode membrane for sodium ion that works on the basis of a cation-exchange mechanism has been developed. The plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane incorporating sodium-selective ionophore (4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetraacetic acid tetraethyl ester), acidic fluorescent pH indicator (5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphine, TPP) and a lipophilic anionic site (potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate)...
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