Search results for: John C. Mackie

Items from 1 to 20 out of 71 results

article

Gas phase pyrolysis of endosulfan and formation of dioxin precursors of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F)

Nirmala K. Dharmarathne, John C. Mackie, Eric M. Kennedy, Michael Stockenhuber

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute > 2017 > 36 > 1 > 1119-1127

This article reports the results of a computational and experimental study on the thermal degradation of endosulfan, a broad-spectrum chlorinated cyclodiene insecticide. The objective of the study was to identify its decomposition pathways, and to gain an understanding of the mechanism of formation of toxic species including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans...

article

Experimental investigation of the reaction of HCFC-22 and methane in a dielectric barrier discharge non-equilibrium plasma

Sazal K. Kundu, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Clovia I. Holdsworth, more

Chemical Engineering Journal > 2016 > 301 > C > 73-82

A dielectric barrier discharge non-equilibrium plasma was employed to study the reaction of HCFC-22 (CHClF₂) with methane (in an argon bath gas) at atmospheric pressure and in the absence of oxygen and nitrogen. The reaction produced a fluorine-containing polymeric product, as well as gaseous species including H₂, HF, HCl, CHF₃, C₂H₃F, CH₃Cl, CH₂ClF, C₂HClF₄, CHCl₂F, CH₂Cl₂ and CCl₂F₂. While the main...

article

Effect of methane on the conversion of HFC-134a in a dielectric barrier discharge non-equilibrium plasma reactor

Sazal K. Kundu, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Clovia I. Holdsworth, more

Chemical Engineering Journal > 2016 > 284 > C > 412-421

The effect of methane on the conversion of HFC-134a (CF₃CH₂F) in a dielectric barrier discharge non-equilibrium plasma reactor was examined. Reactions were conducted in an argon bath gas and in the absence of oxygen and nitrogen. The products of the reaction include H₂, HF, CHF₃, CH₂F₂, C₂H₆, C₃H₈, C₂H₃F, CHF₂CHF₂, C₂H₄F₂, C₃H₇F as well as a polymeric solid deposit. The polymeric materials are predominantly...

chapter

Reaction of CCl₃F (CFC-11) with CH₄ in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor

Sazal K. Kundu, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Thomas S. Molloy, more

2015 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS) > 1

2015 42nd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)

The reaction of CCl₃F (CFC-11) with CH₄ in a non-equilibrium plasma has been examined. CFC-11 has the highest ozone depleting potential (ODP) among all refrigerants used commercially (ODP value of 1) and also has very high global warming potential (GWP) of 4680 and an atmospheric lifetime of 45 years.¹ The manufacture of CFC-11 was banned by the Montreal Protocol in 1996 due to its deleterious effects...

article

Water formation via HCl oxidation on Cu(100)

Ibrahim A. Suleiman, Marian W. Radny, Michael J. Gladys, Phillip V. Smith, more

Applied Surface Science > 2014 > 299 > Complete > 156-161

Using density functional theory and periodic slabs, we have studied water formation via HCl oxidation on the Cu(100) surface. We show that while adsorbed chlorine increases the stability of water on the Cu(100) surface, water molecules dissociate immediately when located next to an oxygen atom. We also show that these competing interactions, when arising from HCl reacting with oxygen on Cu(100), lead...

article

Nonequilibrium Plasma Polymerization of HFC-134a in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor: Polymer Characterization and a Proposed Mechanism for Polymer Formation

Sazal K. Kundu, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Clovia I. Holdsworth, more

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science > 2014 > 42 > 10-2 > 3095 - 3100

Nonequilibrium plasma polymerization of hydrofluorocarbon HFC-134a

$({\rm CF}_{3}{\rm CH}_{2}{\rm F})$

in argon bath gas has been studied in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor at atmospheric pressure and in the absence of oxygen and nitrogen. The reaction resulted in the formation of a polymeric solid fraction and the noncrosslinked properties of this material assisted in its characterization...

article

Study on the Reaction of CCl₂F₂ with CH₄ in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Nonequilibrium Plasma

Sazal K. Kundu, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Clovia I. Holdsworth, more

Plasma Processes and Polymers > 10 > 10 > 912 - 921

The reaction of CCl₂F₂ (CFC‐12) with methane (in an argon bath gas) in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non‐thermal plasma reactor at atmospheric pressure has been investigated. The reaction (where oxygen and nitrogen are excluded from the feed gas) produced a range of gas phase products, including H₂, HCl, HF, CHF₃, CF₃CH₂F, CHClF₂, CH₃Cl, CH₂ClF, CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₂F and CHCl₃ as well as solid products...

article

Roles of peroxides and unsaturation in spontaneous heating of linseed oil

Juita, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, more

Fire Safety Journal > 2013 > 61 > Complete > 108-115

This contribution aims to elucidate the chemical aspects of the autoxidation of linseed oil that may lead to self-heating and fires, especially for linseed oil doped with salts of transition metals, in the presence of an additional fuel, such as cotton. We examine the formation of peroxides, which function as important intermediates in the autoxidation reaction. In particular, we describe the relationship...

chapter

Non-thermal plasma polymerization of HFC-134a in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor; Polymer characterization and understanding the mechanism of polymer formation

Sazal K. Kundu, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Thomas S. Molloy, more

2013 Abstracts IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS) > 1

2013 IEEE 40th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS)

The plasma polymerization of HFC-134a (CF₃CH₂F) has been investigated in a non-thermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge reactor. HFC-134a is a green house gas and it has a global warming potential of 1410 with respect to CO₂ and 100-year time horizon¹. Its release is regulated in many countries and its manufacture is likely to be controlled in the near future². A dielectric barrier discharge reactor,...

chapter

Reaction of chloroform in a non-oxidative atmosphere using dielectric barrier discharge

Vaibhav V. Gaikwad, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Thomas S. Molloy, more

2013 Abstracts IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS) > 1

2013 IEEE 40th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS)

In this paper we present the results of a study of the reaction of chloroform under non-oxidative conditions, in a non thermal plasma. Reactions were at atmospheric pressure, in a double dielectric barrier discharge reactor. The non-oxidative atmosphere provides a distinct advantage as it precludes the formation of hazardous and undesired products such as COCl₂, compounds which have been observed...

chapter

Non-thermal plasma polymerization of HFC-134A in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor; Polymer characterization and a proposed mechanism for polymer formation

Sazal K. Kundu, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie, Thomas S. Molloy, more

2013 19th IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC) > 1 - 6

2013 19th IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC)

Non-thermal plasma polymerization of HFC-134a in argon bath gas has been studied in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor at atmospheric pressure and in the absence of oxygen and nitrogen. The reaction resulted in the formation of a polymeric solid fraction and the non-crosslinked properties of this material assisted in its characterization by solution state ¹³C and ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy. Gel permeation...

article

Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) by precursor pathways in oxidation of pesticide alpha-cypermethrin

Sindra L. Summoogum, Dominika Wojtalewicz, Mohammednoor Altarawneh, John C. Mackie, more

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute > 2013 > 34 > 2 > 3499-3507

This contribution assesses the oxidation of the commonly used insecticide and termiticide, alpha-cypermethrin to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F, dioxins) and their precursors, under non-catalytic vapour-phase oxidation, in a flow reactor. No soot was produced during the reaction ruling out the de novo synthesis of PCDD/F. The results span the effect of...

article

Rate constants for reactions of ethylbenzene with hydroperoxyl radical

Mohammednoor Khalil Altarawneh, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski, Eric M. Kennedy, John C. Mackie

Combustion and Flame > 2013 > 160 > 1 > 9-16

A central step in the low-temperature oxidation of hydrocarbons is the abstraction of H by the hydroperoxyl radical (HO ₂ ). In this study, reaction rate constants are derived theoretically for H abstraction by HO ₂ from the three distinct locations of H in ethylbenzene (primary, secondary and aromatic H, with H on the ortho carbon taken as an example of unreactive aromatic H) as well...

article

Comparative Study on the Formation of Toxic Species from 4-chlorobiphenyl in Fires: Effect of Catalytic Surfaces

Song Hou, John C. Mackie, Eric M. Kennedy, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski

Procedia Engineering > 2013 > 62 > Complete > 350-358

This contribution compares the formation of toxic species, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) and their precursors such as polychlorobenzenes (PCBz) and polychlorophenols (PCP), during oxidation of 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-CB) in a laboratory-scale apparatus, under conditions similar to those that occur in fires and waste combustion. The experiments were conducted...

article

Oxidation of dibenzo-p-dioxin: Formation of initial products, 2-methylbenzofuran and 3-hydro-2-methylenebenzofuran

Sindra L. Summoogum, Mohammednoor Altarawneh, John C. Mackie, Eric M. Kennedy, more

Combustion and Flame > 2012 > 159 > 10 > 3056-3065

This study combines the results of experimental measurements and theoretical computations to investigate the initial steps in the oxidation of dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD). The aim is to discover new pathways leading to the formation of toxic species in combustion systems, as well as compounds that may act as precursors for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F). The...

article

Determination of toxic products released in combustion of pesticides

Kai Chen, John C. Mackie, Eric M. Kennedy, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science > 2012 > 38 > 3 > 400-418

The manufacturing, distribution and wide use of synthetic pesticides engender new hazards to people and the environment. In addition to mammalian and unintended toxicity of some pesticides, ecosystems face the risk of toxic products released from the unintentional combustion of pesticides; e.g., accidental chemical fires or burning of pesticide-treated biomass. This review summarises and analyses...

article

Low temperature oxidation of linseed oil: a review

Juita, Bogdan Z Dlugogorski, Eric M Kennedy, John C Mackie

Fire Science Reviews > 2012 > 1 > 1 > 1-36

This review analyses and summarises the previous investigations on the oxidation of linseed oil and the self-heating of cotton and other materials impregnated with the oil. It discusses the composition and chemical structure of linseed oil, including its drying properties. The review describes several experimental methods used to test the propensity of the oil to induce spontaneous heating and ignition...

article

Formation of toxic species and precursors of PCDD/F in thermal decomposition of alpha-cypermethrin

Sindra L. Summoogum, John C. Mackie, Eric M. Kennedy, Michael A. Delichatsios, more

Chemosphere > 2011 > 85 > 2 > 143-150

This article examines the thermal decomposition of alpha-cypermethrin, one of the most common pyrethroid pesticides. The objective was to identify its decomposition pathways and to gain an understanding into the formation of toxic species in the environment, including those that may behave in combustion systems, especially in fires in the environment, as precursors for PCDD/F (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins...

article

Experimental Study of Decomposition of Aqueous Nitrosyl Thiocyanate

Mark S. Rayson, John C. Mackie, Eric M. Kennedy, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski

Inorganic Chemistry > 2011 > 50 > 16 > 7440 - 7452

article

Chlorination of the Cu(110) Surface and Copper Nanoparticles: A Density Functional Theory Study

Ibrahim A. Suleiman, Marian W. Radny, Michael J. Gladys, Phillip V. Smith, more

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C > 2011 > 115 > 27 > 13412 - 13419

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: John C. Mackie

Gas phase pyrolysis of endosulfan and formation of dioxin precursors of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F)

Experimental investigation of the reaction of HCFC-22 and methane in a dielectric barrier discharge non-equilibrium plasma

Effect of methane on the conversion of HFC-134a in a dielectric barrier discharge non-equilibrium plasma reactor

Reaction of CCl₃F (CFC-11) with CH₄ in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor

Water formation via HCl oxidation on Cu(100)

Nonequilibrium Plasma Polymerization of HFC-134a in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor: Polymer Characterization and a Proposed Mechanism for Polymer Formation

Study on the Reaction of CCl₂F₂ with CH₄ in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Nonequilibrium Plasma

Roles of peroxides and unsaturation in spontaneous heating of linseed oil

Non-thermal plasma polymerization of HFC-134a in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor; Polymer characterization and understanding the mechanism of polymer formation

Reaction of chloroform in a non-oxidative atmosphere using dielectric barrier discharge

Non-thermal plasma polymerization of HFC-134A in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor; Polymer characterization and a proposed mechanism for polymer formation

Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) by precursor pathways in oxidation of pesticide alpha-cypermethrin

Rate constants for reactions of ethylbenzene with hydroperoxyl radical

Comparative Study on the Formation of Toxic Species from 4-chlorobiphenyl in Fires: Effect of Catalytic Surfaces

Oxidation of dibenzo-p-dioxin: Formation of initial products, 2-methylbenzofuran and 3-hydro-2-methylenebenzofuran

Determination of toxic products released in combustion of pesticides

Low temperature oxidation of linseed oil: a review

Formation of toxic species and precursors of PCDD/F in thermal decomposition of alpha-cypermethrin

Experimental Study of Decomposition of Aqueous Nitrosyl Thiocyanate

Chlorination of the Cu(110) Surface and Copper Nanoparticles: A Density Functional Theory Study

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