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When Ho3+:Yb3+:CaF2 crystalline powders prepared by combustion synthesis were exposed to near-infrared (λ ∼ 975 nm) radiation, intense photon up-conversion (UC) was observed at the visible with emission bands peaked at ∼ 545, ∼650 and ∼750 nm identified as 4f-4f transitions from higher levels (5F4, 5S2) and 5F5 to lower levels 5I8 and 5I7 of Ho3+. The emission bands at the green and red, in particular,...
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