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Failure investigation was made on a cracked radiant tube made of 9Cr–1Mo (wt.%) alloy steel (ASTM A 213-T9). The failed tube was removed from a heater coil that carried crude vacuum residue and on external fuel gas firing in a hydrocracking unit operating at high pressure. The failed tube had been in service for about 15years. The tube visually exhibited cracks on the external surface in the longitudinal...
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