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Glutaredoxin-1 (GRX-1) is a cytoplasmic enzyme that highly contributes to the antioxidant defense system. It catalyzes the reversible reduction of glutathione–protein mixed disulfides, a process called deglutathionylation. Here, we investigated the role of GRX-1 in the pathway triggered by interleukin-1/Toll-like receptor 4 (IL-1R/TLR4) by using RNA interference (RNAi) in HEK293 and HeLa cells. TNF...