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Determining the ripening level of bananas in the environment of banana ripening plays an important role in ensuring the quality of bananas, reducing losses and waste, and improving economic benefits. Traditional monitoring methods face a series of challenges such as inefficiency, high energy consumption, and high cost. This paper aims to develop a flexible wireless in situ optical sensing system (FIS)...
Clustering and multi-hop routing algorithms prolongs the lifetime of wireless sensor networks(WSNS) substantially. However, existing algorithms usually consider clustering and routing as two independent problems. Information exchanged in clustering phase is not fully utilized in routing phase. Energy Hole is another problem that shrinks the lifetime of WSNs due to the characteristics of the multi-hop...
Clustering and multi-hop forwarding improve the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, when cluster heads transmit their data to a sink via multi-hop communication, nodes around the sink are burdened with heavy relay traffic and tend to die early, which results in the energy hole and network partition problems. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient Unequal-Clustering...
A large number of small sensors in wireless sensor network are battery-powered; one of the most important design criteria for this type of network is energy efficiency. Clustering provides an effective way for extending the lifetime of a sensor network. In this paper, we propose a maximum-votes and load-balance clustering algorithm (VLCA) for wireless sensor network Each sensor collects votes from...
In wireless sensor networks, devices are required to self-organize them into a network without previously established infrastructure. Because battery-powered, one of the most important design criteria for this type of network is energy efficiency. The paper analyzes the energy consumption of a wireless sensor network providing periodic data from a sensing field to remote sink. We distinguish between...
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