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Two novel nonlinear phase frequency detectors (NL-PFD1 and NL-PFD2) designed with the objective of achieving higher gain, eliminating blind zone, reducing dead zone and area are proposed in this paper. Using pass transistor logic in realizing D-flip-flop has resulted in higher gain, area reduction and higher maximum frequency for NL-PFD2. Reset delay and dead zone are also found to be reduced using...
Two novel voltage controlled oscillators (CSN-VCO and CSD-VCO) have been proposed in this paper. CSN-VCO has been designed with 20 transistors while CSD VCO with 24 transistors. It has been observed that CSN-VCO could operate in the frequency range from 0.066 to 2.2 GHz, and CSD VCO could operate from 0.047 to 2.5 GHz. Tuning range for these VCOs are determined to be 97 %, and 98.2 % while the values...
Two novel phase frequency detectors PFD1 and PFD2 have been proposed in this paper. PFD1 has been designed with 15 transistors while PFD2 with 8 transistors. It has been observed that both these PFDs could operate up to frequencies three to five times higher than that of conventional PFD. It has also been observed that the power dissipation is reduced by 80.3% and 99.2 % in PFD1 and PFD2 respectively...
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