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ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility of ultrasonographic imaging of fetal tympanic rings.
MethodsThis was an observational cohort study of 80 healthy fetuses in low‐risk pregnancies, divided into four gestational‐age subgroups (12, 16, 23 and 32 weeks), each comprising 20 consecutive fetuses. Tympanic ring visualization was achieved by two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional (3D) sonography. A standard algorithm for tympanic ring examination was constructed using 3D multiplanar reconstruction. The volume acquisition plane was directed to the inferolateral aspect of the fetal temporal bone. Transvaginal scans were carried out in the 12‐week and 16‐week subgroups, and transabdominal scans in the 23‐week and 32‐week subgroups. Study parameters included the inferomedial inclination angle (IMIA) of the tympanic ring relative to the vertical skull axis, the anteromedial inclination angle (AMIA) of the tympanic ring relative to the anteroposterior skull axis and the longest (LTRD) and shortest (STRD) tympanic ring diameter, the latter measured perpendicular to the LTRD. The feasibility of tympanic ring demonstration was assessed in each gestational‐age subgroup...
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