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Hydrazide ligand, (Z)-N’-(6-oxo-1,10-phenanthrolin-5(6H)-ylidene)isonicotinohydrazide, 1 forms from a 1:1 Schiff base condensation reaction between isoniazid (INH) and 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phendione). Ag+ and Mn2+ complexes with 1:2 metal:ligand stoichiometry are prepared: [Ag(1)2]NO3, [Ag(1)2]BF4 and [Mn(1)2](NO3)2. Polymeric {[Ag(1)(NO3)]}n has 1:1 stoichiometry and forms upon infusion...
The Ag(I) ion has well established anti-bacterial and antifungal properties. Exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to MIC80 AgNO3 (3 μg/ml) lead to an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and catalase at 30 min but activity declined by 60 min. In addition, exposure of cells to this metal ion for 1 h lead to increased expression of a number of proteins such as elongation...
Larvae of the insect Galleria mellonella were employed to assess the in vivo antifungal efficacy of ([Ag2(mal)(phen)3]), AgNO3 and 1,10-phenanthroline. Larvae pre-inoculated with these compounds were protected from a subsequent lethal infection by the yeast Candida albicans while larvae inoculated 1 and 4 h post-infection showed significantly increased survival (P < 0.01) compared to control larvae...
The Cu(II) and Ag(I) complexes, [Cu(phendio)3](ClO4)2⋅4H2O and [Ag(phendio)2]ClO4 (phendio = 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione), are prepared in good yield by reacting phendio with the appropriate metal perchlorate salt. The X-ray crystal structure of the Ag(I) complex shows it to have a pseudo tetrahedral structure. `Metal-free' phendio and the Cu(II) and Ag(I) phendio complexes strongly inhibit the...
Growth of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicansin sub-MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) levels of Cu(ClO4)2 ⋅ 6H2O and [Cu(phendio)3](ClO4)2 ⋅ 4H2O (phendio = 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione) increased the concentration of miconazole and amphotericin B required to achieve the MIC90 whereas pre-growth in AgClO4 and [Ag(phendio)2]ClO4 resulted in a small decrease in the relevant MIC90 values. The...
The mode of action of the anti-fungal compounds, 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), [Cu(phen)2(mal)] ⋅ 2H2O, [Mn(phen)2(mal)] ⋅ 2H2O and [Ag2(phen)3(mal)] ⋅ 2H2O (malH2 = malonic acid), was examined using the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. The compounds have minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC's) in the range 1.25–5.0 μg cm−3 and at a concentration of 10 μg cm−3 display some fungicidal activity. Yeast...
Copper(II) α,ω-dicarboxylate complexes of general formulae, [Cu(O2C(CH2)nCO2)]·xH2O, [Cu(O2C(CH2)nCO2) (phen)2]·xH2O and [Cu(O2C(CH2)nCO2)(bipy)y]·xH2O (n=1–8; y=1, 2; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) were synthesised. These copper complexes, some related manganese(II) complexes and the metal-free ligands were screened in vitro for their ability to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans...
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