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We have previously shown that self-association of human vasoactive intestinal peptide with sterically stabilized liposomes (VIP-α) alters peptide conformation from random coil in aqueous solution to α-helix. This, in turn, protects the peptide from hydrolysis and amplifies and prolongs its bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a single, intravenous injection of low-dose human...
The purpose of this study was to determine whether all d-vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), an inactive optical isomer of l-VIP, modulates the vasorelaxant effects of human l-VIP and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) 1–38, two ubiquitous and pleiotropic neuropeptides that activate VPAC 1 and VPAC 2 , two VIP subtype receptors, in the intact peripheral...
Bioactive properties of certain amphipathic peptides are amplified when self-associated with sterically stabilized micelles (SSM) composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated phospholipids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of amphipathic peptide molecular mass and PEG chain length on vasoreactivity evoked by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a 28-amino acid neuropeptide,...
Helospectin I and II, two closely related mammalian neuropeptides of the secretin/glucagons/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) superfamily of peptides, are co-localized with VIP in nerve fibers surrounding vascular smooth muscle. However, the role if any, VIP receptors play in transducing the vasorelaxant effects of helospectin I and II in the intact peripheral microcirculation is uncertain. The...
The purpose of this study was to determine whether association of vasoactive intestinal peptide with sterically stabilized liposomes (VIP on SSL) amplifies DNA synthesis evoked by the peptide in cultured chemically transformed hamster oral keratinocytes (HCPC-1) and, if so, whether this response in mediated, in part, by SSL-induced inactivation of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP; EC 3.4.24.11) and...
The purpose of this study was to determine the conformation and vasorelaxant effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) self-associated with sterically stabilized phospholipid micelles (SSM) and whether calmodulin modulates both of these processes. Circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that VIP is unordered in aqueous solution at room temperature but assumes appreciable α helix conformation...
The purpose of this study was to determine plasma and tissue endothelin-1 (ET-1)-like immunoreactivity in a new rodent model of spontaneous hypertension. Plasma and tissues were procured from pentobarbital-anesthetized 16- to 18-week-old male hamsters with spontaneous hypertension and genetically/age-matched normotensive hamsters. We found that ET-1-like immunoreactivity in the plasma was similar...
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