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In this paper, a content-adaptive steganographic scheme is proposed. The novel scheme can be viewed as an improvement of the conventional LSB matching. In this scheme, we take advantage of embedding redundancy in LSB matching to select modification direction (i.e., increasing or decreasing the pixel value by 1), and the dependency of neighboring pixels is taken into consideration. More specifically,...
It is well-known that least significant bit (LSB) matching is an excellent steganographic algorithm with advantages of high payload, good visual/statistical imperceptibility and extreme ease of implementation. However, some steganalyzers take advantage of the distortion of one-dimensional histogram of LSB matching and can, to some extent, perceive the covert message. Following Cachin's theory, this...
Generally, the steganographic algorithm randomly selects adequate pixels for data embedding, and the embedding distortion distributes uniformly in cover data. However, uniform embedding is not an ideal approach, because the modification in smooth regions (of an image) is more likely to be perceived than in noisy regions. In this paper, in order to achieve a higher level of security, we propose a novel...
In this paper, we present an improved method for detecting LSB matching steganography in gray-scale image. Our improvements focus on three aspects: (1) instead of using the amplitude of local extrema of the image's histogram in the previous work, we turn to considering the sum of the amplitude of each point in the histogram; (2) incorporating the calibration (downsample) technique with the current...
This paper proposes a print-and-scan (PS) resilient watermarking scheme based on the mean of DCT coefficients (MDC) for a fixed AC frequency of image. We investigate the property of MDC in the PS process and find that the MDC is nearly unchanged after PS, which is approximately zero for natural (non-watermarked) images. The watermark bits are embedded by shifting these PS-invariants to be positive...
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