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The ontological concepts for 1,256 Mandarin metaphor types (such as cheng2zhang3 'grow/growth' and jian4she4 'construct/construction') were stored in a database in the form of metaphor-concept pairings. In each pair, a Mandarin metaphor type is paired with ontological concepts in English. Based on the relations given in these pairings, a database of relational concept was created. Calculation of co-appearance...
In this paper, we propose a delay sensitive multicast mechanism for downstream traffic in WDM/TDM PON. The multicast scheduling mechanism, based on the principle of first come first served (FCFS), takes different priorities of multicast traffic into consideration. Both those packets located at the head and the tail of the queue are examined to keep packets alive for providing appropriate differentiated...
This paper presents a new differential dynamic programming (DDP) algorithm for solving constrained optimal control problems. The basic idea is to relax all constraints but the system dynamics by using the multiplier method. For a given set of multipliers, there is an unconstrained dynamic optimization problem to which DDP applies effectively. The optimal solution is obtained by iteratively updating...
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