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An experiment for testing U(1) local gauge invariance in Proca electrodynamics has been performed by a rotating toroidal coil torsion pendulum. The expected signal, presented as the nonzero energy density of the magnetic filed vector potentials, is sought and a null result is obtained, showing the U(1) symmetry being tightly held presently.
A rotating torsion balance method to detect the product of the photon mass squared and the ambient cosmic vector potential is proposed. This modulation method is efficacious whether the vector potential is fortuitously aligned with Earth's rotation axis or not, and the experimental precision of the modulation method can be improved by at least an order of magnitude compared to the statistical method.
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