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Main conclusion The possible molecular mechanisms regulating strawberry fruit ripening were revealed by plant hormone quantification, exogenous hormone application, and RNA-sequencing.Fruit ripening involves a complex interplay among plant hormones. Strawberry is a model for studies on non-climacteric fruit ripening. However, the knowledge on how plant hormones are involved in strawberry ripening...
Main conclusion Stilbene synthase (STS) and its metabolic products are accumulated in senescing grapevine leaves. Ectopic expression of VpSTS29 in Arabidopsis shows the presence of VpSTS29 in oil bodies and increases trans-piceid in developing leaves.Stilbenes are the natural antimicrobial phytoalexins that are synthesised via the phenylpropanoid pathway. STS is the key enzyme catalysing the production...
Main conclusionThis study confirmed pigment profiles in different colour groups, isolated key anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and established a basis to examine the regulation of colour patterning in flowers ofCymbidiumorchid.Cymbidium orchid (Cymbidium hybrida) has a range of flower colours, often classified into four colour groups; pink, white, yellow and green. In this study, the biochemical...
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 (RDR1), a component of gene silencing, participates in plant pathogen defense. However, there are few reports on its expression pattern or regulatory mechanism. To clarify how the Arabidopsis RDR1 gene is regulated at the transcriptional level in response to various stresses, its native 1,303 bp promoter sequence upstream of the translational start site and five truncated...
RING-finger proteins (RFP) function as ubiquitin ligases and play key roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little information is available on the regulation of RFP expression. Here, we isolate and characterize the RFP promoter sequence from the disease-resistant Chinese wild grape Vitis pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1. Promoter-GUS fusion assays revealed that defense...
Auxin is one of the most important phytohormones and exerts pleiotropic effects on plant growth and development. Aux/IAA and auxin response factor (ARF) are two important protein families that are well recognized for their roles in auxin-mediated responses. Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional regulators that mediate auxin responses through interaction with ARF transcription factors. Here,...
Treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicits herbivore resistance in many plant species and over-expression of JA carboxyl methyltransferase (JMT) constitutively increases JA-induced responses in Arabidopsis. When wild-type (WT) Nicotiana attenuata plants are treated with MeJA, a rapid transient endogenous JA burst is elicited, which in turn increases levels of nicotine and trypsin proteinase inhibitors...
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant is sensitive to chilling, particularly at early stages of seedling development. Here a novel cold-inducible gene, designated OsCOIN (Oryza sativacold-inducible), was isolated and characterized. Results showed that OsCOIN protein, a RING finger protein, was localized in both nuclear...
Jasmonic acid (JA)–amino acid conjugates are important JA metabolites that activate JA responses. However, our understanding of their involvement in herbivore defenses is limited. We identified a new Arabidopsis jasmonate resistant 1 (JAR1) homologue in Nicotiana attenuata (N. attenuata) and named it jasmonate resistant 6 (JAR6). JAR6 clustered closely with Arabidopsis JAR1 and the recently reported...
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