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The dispatching in electrical systems always has to face the problem of instantaneous balance between produced power and consumed power. In recent decades, with the advent of distributed generation, especially from non-programmable renewable sources, dispatching has become increasingly more difficult, and more and more attention was paid to the opportunity to limit the imbalances between foreseen...
This paper proposes a cost-effective solution useful to remotely control via Internet a nanogrid. The effectiveness and the goodness of the proposed solution is demonstrated in a laboratory setup using a 1kW single-phase nanogrid prototype. A development board Atmel EVK1100 is used to generate the PWM signals that force the IGBTs of all power converters belonging to the nanogrid. A single-board computer...
The spread of Renewable non-dispatchable sources represents a new challenges for the electrical power system. The unpredictability of generation profiles caused the necessity to compensate the fluctuations of power, also using storage system. Storage system can be utilized to make Renewable Energy Sources more dispatchable, but their utilize solely for this purpose can be non-economical convenient...
Design and build dc nanogrids is not an easy task, even in an experimental campaign in the laboratory. A crucial point is the control of the bidirectional ac-dc converter, which joins the dc nanogrid to the utility grid. In this frame, the paper illustrates how control a 22.8kVA IGBT three-phase inverter, model Semiteach by Semikron, via an evaluation/developing board, model EVK1100 by Atmel. PWM...
Facing the challenge to better manage the electrical systems, the paper presents an energy management model called Power Cloud, applied to an energetic community composed of producers/prosumers from renewable not programmable resources and consumers. Thanks to this model, the users belonging to the community can share the renewable energy resources, reducing energy supply prices, while they have a...
This paper focuses on a typical customer with a PV plant and a battery storage by the perspective of two EU members: Italy and Spain. The authors calculate the electricity bill of the considered customer in accordance with the respective legislative and regulatory frameworks. This calculation is a preparatory and preliminary activity for finding relevant differences, if any, that should not exist...
In the context of grid-connected prosumers with an integrated photovoltaic-battery system, imbalance is the difference between the hourly net energy measured at the point of delivery and the associated forecast. Besides contributing with the increasing of the self-consumption, batteries can also compensate for imbalances if opportunely operated. This paper proposes two strategies to operate batteries...
On the basis that a processing resource optimally calculates the loads scheduling one day-ahead for those prosumers operating in a demand response program, the question is: who acts the scheduling? This paper presents an electronic device named Smartbox as a low-cost and feasible home automation solution; so, given a processing resource which optimally calculates the loads scheduling one day-ahead,...
The increase of renewable non-programmable production and the necessity to locally self-consume the produced energy led to utilize ever more storage systems. To correctly utilize storage systems, an opportune management method has to be utilized. This paper implements a multi-period management method for storage devices, using different management strategies. The method aims to minimize the total...
This paper is focused on a single phase shunt active filter based on detection of harmonic voltages at the point of installation; the mission of the active filter is to eliminate these harmonic voltages implementing a repetitive-based control. The active filter is a single-phase voltage-controlled voltage source inverter controlled so to generate a harmonic voltage in phase with the one detected at...
Thanks to recent innovations driven by European Union and national policies, lately it has been possible to see the realization of effective renewable energy technologies, for both large and small-scale use, alongside considerable cost reductions for customers. As a result, businesses and households can increasingly produce and consume, some or all, their own electricity, either instantaneously or...
The current on the low voltage side of the high frequency transformer of a dual active bridge converter is subject to rapid rising and falling edge; in designing the converter, the peak current is a key factor to achieve robustness and reliability. To limit the peak current, the adoption of a further inductor in series with the transformer is a feasible solution. In this paper the authors propose...
The paper presents an application of a dual active bridge DC-DC converter for a smart user network that is a microgrid with a DC-powered local network (or DC bus). In such a microgrid the DC-DC converter connects a battery energy storage system to the DC bus. In a previous paper, the authors demonstrated that the DC-DC converter is able to assure a stable DC bus voltage to a reference value; performance...
The increase of small size generation systems may cause congestions, hitherto unexpected, on the distribution network. To reduce the impact of congestions, the use of storage systems is one of the main countermeasure. In the paper, a storage management strategy based on a local energy market is proposed, in order to maximize the utility of an users community in which local market takes place. The...
The paper presents a dual active bridge converter, i.e. an isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter composed of two full-bridge DC/AC converters and an isolation high frequency (HF) transformer, useful for application in a DC-powered microgrid. The dual active bridge converter connects a battery energy storage system to a DC bus so to provide a high level of reliability and resilience to grid disturbances...
The paper proposes a feed-in tariff policy to favorite the adoption of systems which combine a photovoltaic system and a battery energy storage system. A simple optimization problem is also proposed to sizing jointly the PV and the BESS. The effectiveness of the proposed policy is evaluated using software simulations; the energy consumption of a real consumer, over each 15 minutes and covering 2011,...
Over the last decade, various reasons have determined a continuous increase of grid-connected photovoltaic systems due to need of supplying the world rise demand for electric power. This gave rise to problems concerning the stability and safety of the utility grid as well as power quality issues. It has drastically changed the way in which the grid-connected photovoltaic systems should interact with...
During the last years the electricity supply chain (the production, consumption, distribution, storage and load management of electricity) has changed. In this contest a new term appears: the prosumer, that is a consumer and a producer of energy in the same entity. In the paper, a demand response program is proposed considering several prosumers combined into an Energy District connected through a...
In this paper a comparison between two active power filters is presented; both filters, the ARD and the HVC, are used for the active resonance damping in a distribution line. The ARD is an active power filter whose control strategy is typical for the resonance damping so that the harmonic voltage compensation is a welcome by-product; on the contrary the aim of the HVC is the shunt harmonic voltage...
Acoustic resonance phenomenon influences the functioning of high intensity discharge lamps driven by electronic ballasts since it causes fluctuation in plasma temperature and pressure so distorting the arc discharge. To avoid acoustic resonance several solutions have been proposed and most of them monitor the electrical parameters of the lamp. In this paper the authors propose a simple method using...
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