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To assess the effect of survivin gene expression on the proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells and study the association of suvivin and its spliced isoforms gene expression levels with the pathologic grade of PCa.Gene expression of survivin and its spliced isoforms in the LNCaP and PC-3 PCa cell lines was determined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. We knocked down the gene...
It would be of value to compare the features of prostate cancer detected in various screening series around the world. Recently, some studies have demonstrated the value of pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics in predicting the outcome of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy for men with localized prostate cancer. Therefore, the distribution of PSA velocity (PSAV) or PSA doubling...
To propose a “nomogram ranking” that gives an objective assessment of any treatment strategy from various institutions. It is difficult to objectively compare treatment outcomes for patients with prostate cancer among institutions because of the large differences in the clinicopathologic backgrounds and treatment strategies.From January 2001 to September 2005, 71 consecutive patients with locally...
According to epidemiologic surveys, the number of deaths from prostate cancer in Japanese men increased rapidly from 1970 to 2006. However, it is difficult to know the real incidence of, and mortality due to, prostate cancer because the reliability of death certificates and the cancer registry system in Japan are poor. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that baseline prostate-specific antigen...
We had previously reported that androgen-regulated prostatic blood flow and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were involved in the signal transduction pathway. Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a multifunctional regulatory peptide with mitogenic and angiogenic capabilities that are regulated by androgen. ADM is abundantly expressed in the prostate. We focused on ADM and evaluated its participation and...
To investigate the effects of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and its antireceptor antibody on prostatic blood flow regulation using a rat model. We estimated that PGE 2 participated in the signaling pathway of hormonal regulation of the prostatic blood flow. The rats were castrated and injected locally with dihydrotestosterone (200 ng/head) or PGE 2 (250 ng/head) directly...
To clarify the effect of the mushroom extract Phellinus linteus on noncancerous prostate cells using an experimentally developed rat benign prostatic hyperplasia model. A growing number of people take some natural herbal extracts for maintenance of their health. Among them, the extracts of certain mushrooms are believed to have a marked tumoricidal effect but low toxicity for normal tissues, and they...
To clarify the effect of androgen concentration on blood flow regulation in seminal vesicles and to identify the androgen most responsible for this effect. The androgen concentrations in the seminal vesicles and the seminal vesicle blood flow were measured at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after castration. The androgen concentration was measured with a newly developed highly sensitive simultaneous...
Objectives. To investigate the usefulness of digital rectal examination (DRE) and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) for prostate cancer diagnosis and to propose a diagnostic algorithm for individual-based cancer screening in subjects with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of 4.0 ng/mL or less.Methods. Between January 1992 and March 2000, 129 subjects with PSA levels of 4.0 or less and abnormal...
Objectives. To investigate the age-specific reference range of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in Japanese men older than 60 years of age by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Several reports have noted that many clinically serious cancers are missed by raising the cutoff value of the age-specific PSA reference range for men older than 60 years.Methods. We studied 6744 individuals...
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