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Hand-held surgical robots are manipulators with dexterous effectors to be used by surgeons in minimally invasive surgery and especially in laparoscopy. Mechanical manipulators for laparoscopy have appeared on the markets in recent years with various interfaces and dexterities. 2 examples are RealHandTM and Laparo-AngleTM. The question of which interface and control mode is the best has not been answered...
This paper discusses 3 different control modes for a hand-held surgical robot. A virtual reality simulator for evaluating control modes is developed. Different control modes are evaluated and compared in a suturing task. Results show a better control and more precise sutures with a semi-coupled inverse control mode in frontal and sagittal suturing.
The tele-operated system with three arms for the microsurgery of the middle ear is composed of an operator console from where the surgeon tele-operates three robotized arms that hold surgery tools with a high level of accuracy. The main difference between these micromanipulators and the conventional minimally-invasive surgery robots is the increased field of vision capacity to carry out complex operational...
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