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In all kinds of tissue cells are influenced by mechanical forces. In vivo fibroblasts are exposed to mechanical tension and endothelial cells are subjected directly to hemodynamic flow. It has been shown that disturbance of the mechanical stimulus leads to apoptosis by induction of an autocrine loop with thrombospondin-1 as ligand and an integrin/integrin associated protein (CD47) complex as receptor...
Fibroblasts are cultured in three-dimensional collagen matrices to investigate the effect of mechanical tension on the regulation of apoptosis. Under the influence of mechanical loading, the cells show little apoptosis whereas releasing of tension leads to an increase up to tenfold during the first 24 h and remains constant for further 48 h. An autocrine loop of the integrin αVβ3/CD47 receptor complex...
Recently it has been shown that vascular endothelial cells (EC) are completely devoid of apoptosis if cultivated under a steady laminar flow and that apoptosis is induced by turning off the flow. An autocrine loop of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and the α v β 3 integrin/integrin-associated protein (IAP) complex has been identified as the molecular coupling device between flow and apoptosis...
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