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High-speed amplification from Josephson-level digital signals of a few millivolts to the volt levels employed in CMOS devices is optimally done in two stages. For the first stage we use a Josephson circuit which amplifies a few-millivolt input to several tens of millivolts. This drives a CMOS digital amplifier. The CMOS amplifier must be calibrated to compensate for random threshold voltage variations...
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