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Ingestion of aristolochic acids (AA) contained in herbal remedies results in aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), which is characterized by chronic renal failure, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and urothelial cancer. AA I and AA II, primary components in AA, have similar genotoxic potential, whereas only AA I shows severe renal toxicity in rodents. AA I is demethylated to form 8‐hydroxy‐aristolochic...
Acrolein is an α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde that is a major environmental pollutant, as well as a product of cellular metabolism. DNA bases react with acrolein to form two regioisomeric exocyclic guanine adducts, namely γ‐hydroxy‐propanodeoxyguanosine (γ‐OH‐PdG) and its positional isomer α‐hydroxy‐propanodeoxyguanosine (α‐OH‐PdG). The γ‐OH‐PdG isomer adopts a ring‐opened conformation with minimal structural...
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