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In the Water Framework Directive (WFD), ‘water quality’ now refers to a comprehensive assessment of the state of aquatic ecosystems (whether fluvial or lacustrine), which are evaluated by their deviation from a pre‐determined historically‐based reference condition. However, the WFD does not consider theoretically whether water quality can be expected to recover to a historical condition; it simply...
The Jing Hang Grand Canal of China is the longest and earliest water conservancy project in the world. Its total length is more than 1,790 kilometers, 10 times longer than the Suez Canal, 20 times longer than the Panama Canal, and it is the world's longest man-made canal. It goes through 2500 years since Chinese Spring and Autumn period as an inland river, which had played an important role in the...
This paper reports the results of a research project on applying geospatial information technology to the protection of China's Grand Canal. The canal is the longest man-made waterway in the world. The earliest section of the canal can be dated back to 500 BC. The course of the canal has been changed many times during its history mainly depending on the locations of China's capitals. The current course...
In recent years, it was one of the currently hot issues, which study the evolution of river way and hydro-system using 3S technology. Aerial photos, TM/ETM+ and SPOT5 imagery were offered to study the evolution of riverway in QingKou region. Automatic detection for change information method such as spectral variation method and false color composite method were used to detect change information, the...
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