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Oil shales from two different continents (Australia and North America) of different ages (100 and 40millionyears) and origins (one marine, one lacustrine) have been reacted in the range 355–425°C under H 2 or N 2 for 1 or 5h with or without the addition of catalyst. The shales differed in S content, and the nature of the mineral matter, but both had high atomic H/C ratios. The overall...
Reactions of a Jordanian El-Lajjun oil shale under N 2 or H 2 for 1h results in almost complete conversion of the organic material to liquid products at 355°C or 390°C. In contrast, reactions for 1h of the algal coal, torbanite, give minimal conversion at 390°C, but almost total conversion if the reaction time is extended to 5h. At 355°C reactions of torbanite are minimal at 1 and...
A Jordanian oil shale from the El Lajjun deposit has been reacted with N 2 , H 2 and CO in the presence and absence of water in the temperature range 300–425°C. The effect of adding Fe, Cu, Ni, Sn and NaAlO 2 as potential catalysts to some of these reactions has been studied but none led to improved oil yields. Most of the organic material in the oil shale was converted to...
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