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Urocortins (Ucns) injected peripherally decrease food intake and gastric emptying through peripheral CRF 2 receptors in rodents. However, whether Ucns influence circulating levels of the orexigenic and prokinetic hormone, ghrelin has been little investigated. We examined plasma levels of ghrelin and blood glucose after intravenous (iv) injection of Ucn 1, the CRF receptor subtype involved...
Brain corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) acting on CRF receptor type 1 (CRF 1 ) is a main signaling pathway in the stress response. CRF is also produced in a variety of peripheral sites and acts locally as a proinflammatory mediator. We investigated CRF 1 mRNA expression in the human gastrointestinal tract, and localized CRF 1 immunoreactive cells in the colonic mucosa of...
We investigated whether acute cold-induced vagal activation through brainstem thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) signaling influences abdominal surgery-induced delayed gastric emptying (GE) in fasted rats. Laparotomy and cecal palpation or sham (short anesthesia alone) was performed 10min before or 30min after cold exposure (4–6°C) lasting 90min. Non-nutrient GE was assessed during 70–90min of cold...
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of apelin on proliferation and apoptosis of mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. APJ was expressed in MC3T3-E1 cells. Apelin did not affect Runx2 expression, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin and type I collagen secretion, suggesting that it has no effect on osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. However, apelin stimulated...
The influence of central vagal stimulation induced by 2h cold exposure or intracisternal injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, RX-77368, on gastro-duodenal enteric cholinergic neuronal activity was assessed in conscious rats with Fos and peripheral choline acetyltransferase (pChAT) immunoreactivity (IR). pChAT-IR was detected in 68%, 70% and 73% of corpus, antrum and duodenum submucosal...
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