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Focusing Impulse Radiating Antennas allow the application of intense electric fields to biological tissue with centimeter spatial resolution. At low electric field strength, the scattered electromagnetic waves from the focal volume can be used to obtain information on the complex permittivity of the tissue at this location. Since the permittivity of tumor tissue varies considerably from that of healthy...
Nanosecond electrical pulses have been successfully used to treat melanoma tumors by using needle arrays as pulse delivery systems. Reducing the pulse duration of intense electric field pulses from nanoseconds into the subnanosecond range, and using a prolate-spheroidal reflector as part of a picosecond Impulse Radiating Antenna (IRA), allows us to focus the electromagnetic waves into biological tissue...
Our initial in vitro (HL-60 cells) and in vivo (B16-F10 murine) studies showed nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) caused intracellular changes and melanoma involution, respectively. We wanted to describe the morphologic changes in cell ultrastructure and investigate the mechanism for change due to nsPEFs in B16-F10 melanoma tumors in SKH-1 mice. We injected B16-F10 cells into 120 female SKH-1...
The application of nanosecond pulses to biological cells, which has been shown to lead to electroporation of not only the cell membrane, but also the membranes of subcellular structures, has spawned a new field of research: bioelectrics. A new domain of pulsed electric field interactions with cell structures and functions opens up when the pulse duration is reduced to values such that membrane charging...
We studied the charging of cell membranes in response to ultrashort pulsed high electric fields with a temporal resolution on the same order as the electrical pulse, i.e. nanoseconds. The real-time resolution was achieved by using a pulsed laser (5 ns) as light source, together with a novel voltage-sensitive dye (Annine-6). The laser pulse was synchronized with the pulsed electric field to enable...
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