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The energy dependence of chirally expanded πN isoscalar and isovector amplitudes b 0 (E) and b 1 (E), respectively, for zero-momentum off-shell pions near threshold, is used to impose the minimal substitution requirement E->E-V C on the properly constructed pion optical potential within a large-scale fit to 100 pionic-atom data across the periodic table which also include...
The extraction of the isovector s-wave πN amplitude from pionic atoms is studied with special emphasis on uncertainties and their dependence on the assumptions made regarding the neutron density distributions in nuclei and on the size of the data base used. Only 'global' analyses of pionic-atom data reveal a discrepancy between the extracted isovector s-wave πN amplitude b 1 =(-0.108+/-0.007)m...
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