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Deep tissue excitation of upconverting nanoparticles is limited for biomedical applications by water absorption. By modifying the nanoparticles to shift the excitation wavelength, we demonstrate better depth sensitivity.
The main broadening mechanisms of absorption lines in free gas are known to be the pressure-and-Doppler broadening. However, with gas trapped within nanoporous materials, wall-collision broadening may become non-negligible. We present and discuss experimental data which show the effect of wall-collision broadening and its applications.
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