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Most artificial neural network architectures learn either via unsupervised or reinforcement learning but rarely via both. However, the brain effectively integrates both types of learning. We describe which prerequisites are necessary in a spiking network architecture in order to integrate both learning mechanisms and present a network which meets these requirements. In a nut shell, the network has...
The market need for a lower price per Wattpeak asks for the development of solar cell designs with a low production cost and a high performance. An approach to reach a high efficiency with a solar cell structure containing a diffused emitter on a p-type silicon wafer is the implementation of a PERC structure on the rear side. This structure gets advantageous to the standard screen printed solar cell...
We present a novel method for the industrial fabrication of a silicon solar cell that features an oxide-passivated rear surface. The SiNTO process (silicon nitride thermal oxidation) utilizes a SiNX layer for masking the front side of the solar cell during the thermal oxidation process. This masking layer prevents the oxidation of the textured and phosphorus-doped emitter surface and limits the growth...
In this paper various options to integrate thermal oxidation into industrial cell production are presented, maintaining large parts of the standard cell fabrication process. Both the use of thin (15 nm) and thick (200 nm) wet thermally grown oxides are successfully implemented into pilot production at the Fraunhofer production research platform PV-TEC. Solar cells are fabricated with both type of...
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