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The promoter-intron-exon structure of genes evolve. While the structures of some IFN genes (e.g., piscine and amphibian Type I IFNs, most tetrapod IFN-λ genes) resemble those of other class II cytokines (e.g., interleukins-10, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26), the structures of other IFN genes differ significantly. Although all bony vertebrate IFN-γ genes lack the canonical third intron, and all amniote Type I...
Interferons (IFNs) are rapidly evolving cytokines released when viral infections are detected in cells. Previous research suggests that genes encoding IFNs and their receptors duplicated extensively throughout vertebrate evolution. We present molecular genetic evidence that supports the use of nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR) to expand select IFN genes during amniote evolution. The duplication...
The sequencing of a wide variety of genomes and their transcripts has allowed researchers to determine how proteins or protein families evolved and how strongly during evolution a protein has been conserved. In this report, we analyze the evolution of the Class 2 ligands and their cognate receptors by analyzing Class 2 ligand and receptor chain gene sequences from a variety of DNA sequence databases...
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