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We are leaving in the world where rapid changes in technologies are taking place. The world is not the same what it was before 20 years. With new technologies every new day, mankind have achieved tremendous amount of dreams which were almost impossible few decades back. Automatic cars, auto navigating planes, goods delivering drones and many more are the dreams going to complete in near future. Navigation...
The widespread use of electronic connectivity, viruses and hackers, digital snooping and trickery, no one has time to concern about which flavor of security is implemented. Apart from that, two major inclinations are important. First the very volatile escalation in computer systems and their interconnections which handle the attentiveness of the necessity to abstract data and resources from contention...
The System of seven satellites, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) will provide Special Positioning Service (SPS) and Precision Service (PS) towards the Indian subcontinent. In Positioning Navigation Timing (PNT) application, measurement is affected by some intentional and unintentional sources of error. This Measurement also depends on the volume of tetrahedron created by the geometry...
In this paper, we have provided an overview of some emerging technologies which may make up future 5G wireless networks Software-defined networking (SDN) has the budding to transform the telecom industry by improving the ability of carriers (both wired and wireless) to flexibly deliver bandwidth “on demand.” SDN is likely to reshape the telecom industry in new and interesting ways. Incumbent carriers...
Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic network topology in which nodes move without restraint anytime and anywhere; it does not require centralized authorization. Previous researches used traditional cryptographic or authentication function for security. Recently many trust-based routing protocols have been introduced but each has its own limitations. In MANETs, trust is a challenging task. In...
In a network, the process of selecting the best path is called routing. Routing is necessary to establish a communication between mobile nodes. In an ad-hoc network, routing becomes more challenging due to the assumption of the traditional routing protocols about friendliness between nodes in the network. Various network layer attacks can be launched which affect routing of ad hoc networks. Along...
Ad hoc is a Latin word which describes solutions for this or specific purpose. In the world of computer network, an ad hoc network refers to a network connection which established for a single session and does not require wireless base station; they are on-the-fly networks. Energy, security and selfishness have been amongst the most popular issues for researchers in recent years. Selfish node is stated...
Multimedia is key technology for today's handheld devices. Interactive messages, video chat, video conferencing are quickly replacing traditional way of communication which has become possible because of effective video processing methods that enable high compression. Variety of devices are used from high end computers to low end phones to serve the purpose. Specifically gadgets with low computational...
Video has vast application domains like medicine, security and surveillance. Video coding can be implemented in both hardware and software technologies in which both quality and controllability are required. Process of determining motion vectors known as motion estimation (ME) is a fundamental step in the extraction of activity in videos. The Block Matching Algorithm (BMA) based motion estimation...
Video compression is the wide spread field in communication engineering and computer science that deals with illustration of video data, for storage and/or transmission. Block based motion estimation and motion compensation technique is widely used in most of video coding standards including H.264/AVC (Advance Video Coding) to compress raw video. Motion compensated block is transform coded and quantize...
Multiplication is fundamental and significant operation of Electronic Circuits. Low power multipliers with high clock frequencies are widely used in today's digital signal processing. Currently demand is power efficient, high speed miniature system which leads to design circuits with transistor level optimization. Full adder circuit is basic block of multiplier. Transistor level optimization of basic...
H.264/SVC (Scalable Video Coding) enables the transmission and decoding of partial bit streams to provide video services with lower temporal or spatial resolutions or reduced fidelity while retaining a reconstruction quality that is high relative to the rate of the partial bit streams. Hence, in comparison to H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding) SVC provides functionalities such as graceful degradation...
This paper discusses about localization of license plate from vehicle images using different methods. And main focus is on Mean Shift Algorithm which is a non parametric feature space analysis technique. It defines a window around each data points and shifts the center of the window to the mean of the data point though a Mean-Shift Vector till it converges and window shifts to the denser region. The...
The novel and robust seeded region grow segmentation technique is implemented for spot detection in Computerized Tomography scan image. Segmentation of scanned medical image is quite difficult task due to presence of speckle noise. The grey scale image is segmented into regions, with each region having closest seed correlation. The algorithm is rapid, free of tuning parameters and pixel order dependent...
Transistor degradation over time due to hot carrier injection (HCI) and bias temperature instability (BTI) is known phenomenon. The common approach to ensure reliability over the product lifetime is to provide a guard band. Applying technology level transistor degradation results directly to product is a pessimistic approach that can result in an unnecessary penalty when trying to meet product performance...
The focus of this paper is to outline the current state of MIMO network as a viable technique for increasing the performance of wireless communication systems in the near future. It also presents the results of a simulation environment designed to compare the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance capabilities of a wireless multi-user OFDM systems with and without the use of MIMO system. Simulations confirm...
Gold is a precious metal once widely used as a standard for monetary exchange but was replaced by paper currency mostly used today. However interest in gold trading and investment has resurfaced recently in Malaysia probably due to its price stability. Samples of gold that are used as investment include the Kijang Emas, Public Dinar and the Public Gold which are currently available to the general...
This paper aims to describe Metamodeling approach, a technique that can be utilized to tune controller parameters for a non-linear process quickly, and how it is used to solve real world engineering problems by applying it to the problem of designing a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. The process used in this study is a single input single output (SISO) evaporator system which is...
Proposed future Mars missions plan communication between multiple assets (rovers). This paper presents the results of a study carried out to assess the potential adaptation of a proximity link relay radio (i.e., the Electra radio) to a multi-channel transceiver. The basic concept is a Frequency Division multiplexing (FDM) communications scheme wherein different receiver architectures are examined...
This paper addresses the problem of application mapping for Mesh-of-Tree (MoT) based Network-on-Chip. It proposes a new algorithm based on Kernighan-Lin partitioning to identify closely related cores of the application. The nodes are then mapped to the topology using another heuristic algorithm. The MoT mapping results have been compared with the mesh-mapping results reported in the literature for...
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