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We present an off-board phase estimator and controller for leg position near the resonance of the Harvard Ambulatory MicroRobot's (HAMR) two degree-of-freedom transmission. This control system is a first step towards leveraging the significant increase in stride length at transmission resonance for faster and more efficient locomotion. We experimentally characterize HAMR's transmission and determine...
This paper presents an off-board trajectory controller for a range of stride frequencies (2–45 Hz) that enables zero-radius turns and holonomic control on one of the smallest and fastest legged robots, the Harvard Ambulatory MicroRobot (HAMR). An experimental model is used as the basis for control to capture the highly nonlinear response of the robot to input signals. Closed-loop trajectories are...
We use the behavioural approach to provide definitions and characterisations of invariant zeros of nD systems. In particular we show that the definitions are equivalent in the 1D case to those in the classical literature. We provide new results on the structural relations of nD invariant and transmission zeros.
Legged locomotion is an open problem in robotics, particularly for non-level surfaces. With decreasing robot size, different issues for climbing mechanisms and their attachment and detachment appear due to the physics of scaling. This paper describes micro-scale phenomena for different adhesion methods that can be employed in microrobots. These adhesion methods are applied to a sub-2 gram legged robot,...
Inspired by the aerial prowess of flying insects, we demonstrate that their robotic counterpart, an insect-scale flapping-wing robot, can mimic an aggressive maneuver seen in natural fliers — landing on a vertical wall. Such acrobatic movement differs from simple lateral maneuvers or hover, and therefore requires additional considerations in the control strategy. Magnetic force was chosen to enable...
Inspired by the agility of flying insects and the recent development on an insect-scale aerial vehicle, we propose a single-loop adaptive flight control suite designed with an emphasis on the ability to track dynamic trajectories as a step towards the goal of performing acrobatic maneuvers as observed in real insects. Instead of the conventional approach of having cascaded control loops, the proposed...
Wing motion in most flapping-wing micro air vehicles (MAVs) is restricted to a flat stroke plane in order to simplify analysis and mechanism design. An MAV actuation and transmission design capable of controlling flapping motions and deviations from the mean stroke plane using relatively simple modifications to a proven design is presented. This allows preliminary investigation into more power-efficient...
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