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The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector installed at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has an extensive muon system which provides information simultaneously for identification, track reconstruction and triggering of muons. As a consequence of the extreme particle rate and high integrated charge, the essentiality to upgrade the LHC has given rise to the High Luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC)...
The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is one of the two general-purpose detectors at the CERN LHC. LHC will provide exceptional high instantaneous and integrated luminosity after second long shutdown. The forward region |η| ≥ 1:5 of CMS detector will face extremely high particle rates in tens of kHz/cm2 and hence it will affect the momentum resolution, efficiency and longevity of the muon detectors...
For the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase the CMS GEM Collaboration is planning to install new large-size (990×220–455mm2) triple-GEM detectors, equipped with a new readout system, in the forward region of the muon system (1.5< |η| <2.2) of the CMS detector. Combining triggering and tracking functionalities the new triple-foil Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) chambers will improve both the performance...
Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology is being considered for the forward muon upgrade of the CMS experiment in Phase 2 of the CERN LHC. Its first implementation is planned for the GE1/1 system in the 1.5 <| η |< 2.2 region of the muon endcap mainly to control muon level-1 trigger rates after the second long LHC shutdown. A GE1/1 triple-GEM detector is read out by 3,072 radial strips with...
Supercapacitors have a very high specific power that enable them to supply electric or hybrid vehicles during the transition phases needed for the starting-up, the acceleration and the energy recovery. In this paper, this component (supercapacitor) is used like power buffer with battery to supply the starter-alternator of micro-hybrid vehicle. Firstly, the system is modelled and simulated using Matlab-Simulink...
This paper presents a modeling and control of three-phase NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) n-level converter. First, the equivalent matrix structure of the NPC n-level converter is developed. Therefore the relation between the 3×(n-1) switching functions of the matrix converter and the gate signals of transistors of the NPC n-level converter are given. Then, a line-to-line Space Vector Modulation (SVM)...
The Triple Gas Electron Multiplier (Triple-GEM) became recently one of the most popular gaseous ionization detectors used in high energy physics. Together with the experimental tests, the Monte Carlo simulation is a very important tool for the understanding of the properties of the triple-GEMs. The electron gain has to be stable and uniform enough across the detector. In this paper it is proposed...
This paper deals with the attitude stabilization problem for an under-actuated Quadrotor UAV system. We propose the use of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for tuning Integral Backstepping Controller (IBC) which is applied for the stabilization of a Quadrotor UAV model. The method is used to minimize a Square Error (SE) fitness function which quantifies the performance of the whole control...
This paper presents a theoretical study, a numerical simulation and an experimental validation of a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) control by using a back to back three-level NPC converter. In this context, the WECS, which is based on Doubly Fed induction Generator (DFIG), has been briefly described, and its hierarchical control system with a three-level NPC back-to-back converter has been detailed...
An adaptive neural control scheme based on a new observer applied to quadrotors Helicopter is proposed in this paper. This technique is realized by using two parallel feedforward Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for each subsystem of the quadrotor. The first one estimates on line the equivalent control term and the second ANN generates observer's corrective term. The main purpose in our work is to...
In this paper, the direct modulation strategy of a three-level inverter with self stabilization of the dc link voltage is extended to a five-level inverter. Therefore, a new modeling and control strategy of a five-level three-phase diode-clamped inverter (DCI) is presented. The obtained modeling shows that modulated multilevel voltages are obtained by combination of eight different three-level functions,...
In this paper we present a modelling of power flows into a power station. This one is based on a variable speed wind generator coupled with a flywheel energy storage system. A multilevel NPC converter is used for the grid connection. The design of the power controller is obtained by a dedicated inversion of the used power model. It includes the strategy for regulating the energy storage in order to...
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