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We have undertaken a genetic strategy to map Vpu regions necessary for BST-2 antagonism and viral egress. This approach is based on our identification of an egress-defective Vpu variant encoded by an HIV-1 subtype C strain. We constructed a series of chimeric Vpu molecules made from the Vpu C variant and Vpu B from a standard laboratory strain. The TM domain from the inactive Vpu C, which contains...
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent of several immunodeficiency-linked cancers, including KS. Our previous work showed that the proto-oncogene c-kit is upregulated in KSHV-infected endothelial cells (ECs), as well as in KS lesions. We show here that KSHV-dependent induction of both c-kit mRNA and protein requires the establishment of a latent infection and that this upregulation...
Retroviruses have been extensively used in the development of gene transfer systems. Recently, there has been a great deal of interest in the use of lentiviruses for gene transfer because they infect nondividing cells. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been the lentivirus most often used for this purpose, but its genomic complexity and limited tropism present some challenges to the establishment...
The Ad5 E1A 12S gene encodes an oncoprotein with the ability to immortalize and cooperate with other viral or cellular oncoproteins to transform primary epithelial cells. The immortalizing function is dependent on the protein's efficient localization to the nucleus. A five amino acid nuclear localization signal (NLS), Lys-Arg-Pro-Arg-Pro, has been identified at the extreme COOH-terminus. This signal...
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