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This paper proposes a robust H∞ controller based on Multi-objective genetic algorithms (MOGAs) to control the active magnetic bearings (AMBs) with application to superfluid helium cryogenic centrifugal compressor (CCC). Basic weighting function formulas with seven parameters in all are suggested for H∞ controller, whose physical connections with system performance are clearly explained. Weighting...
Power-to-Gas (P2G) allows for the large scale energy storage which provides a big potential to accommodate the rapid growth of the renewables. In this paper, a long-term optimization model for the co-planning of the electricity and natural gas systems is presented. The P2G Plants are optimally sited and sized in the integrated energy system. The problem model is formulated as a multi-stage integer...
Currently, there is significant attention being paid to the development of high-speed machines including motors and generators. In particular, permanent magnet machines are gaining more traction due to their outstanding efficiency, high power density, small size, low weight, simple mechanical construction, easy maintenance and good reliability. The higher the motor speed, the smaller the electric...
The torque ripple of arc permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) is significant for the positioning precision and tracking accuracy of the large telescope. In this digest, an arc vernier PMSM is proposed, which fully utilizes the advantage of vernier machine with low torque ripple and high torque density. The stator length and the relative positions of different stators are optimized to reduce...
Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) have high torque density, efficiency, power factor and so on compared with other type of machines. PMSMs can be separated into traditional well-known distributed wounded (DW) machines and fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) machines [1]. FSCW machines own low cogging torque, compact structure, high power density, and convenient fabrication, etc...
Compared with the slotted tubular generators, air-cored tubular generator has no attraction force, smaller thrust ripple and lower moving mass. The advantages of high respond speed and high output stability make the air-cored tubular generators to be research focus in recent years. It is used in energy conversion systems of ambient vibrations, free-piston engine, ocean wave energy and so on. And in...
A significant advantage of spoke-type interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines is the flux concentration effect of adjacent PMs, which enhances the air-gap flux density and the output capability. However, the leakage flux around the rotor inner circumference is difficult to reduce [1]-[2]. In order to ease the manufacturing process, a spoke-type IPM rotor with alternate airspace-barriers is proposed...
As wind turbines increase their power rating, the size and mass grows as well. The higher reliability is demanded in order to minimize the maintenance. Permanent magnet direct drive (PMDD) synchronous generators are a good solution since they omit the gearbox. While the large generator mass has been also a key difficult problem limiting the practical use of PMDD generator, which makes them difficult...
We study the effect of programming current on the endurance failure of phase change memory and propose a general scheme of optimizing programming currents for the most endurance cycles. We consider two major endurance failure modes, stuck-SET and open failure. We show that higher current does not necessarily cause, and even prevents the earlier open failure and attribute it to phase-dependent open-failure...
Distributed diesel generation is still widely used to supply electric power in a variety of applications. These applications range from backup power supply systems and combined wind-diesel generation to providing power in places where grid connection is either technically impractical or financially uneconomic. Due to the ever increasing cost of diesel fuel and the environmental issues associated with...
Lead-free flip chip package production solution for 40 nm technology node with aggressive ELK interconnect scheme and tight bump pitch of 150 μm is demonstrated. The use of LF bump and ELK dielectric in a same electronic component poses severe technical challenges due to the pronounced chip-packaging interaction in the system. In this paper, we reviewed the fundamental treatments to enhance the LF...
This paper presents a method for achieving optimization in clouds by using performance models in the development, deployment and operations of the applications running in the cloud. We show the architecture of the cloud, the services offered by the cloud to support optimization and the methodology used by developers to enable runtime optimization of the clouds. An optimization algorithm is presented...
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