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Cognitive radio (CR) is one of the most effective techniques to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency. In order to detect the presence of the spectrum holes and utilize them efficiently without causing interference to primary users, interference temperature estimation is considered as the key functionality. In this paper, we proposed a new interference temperature estimation method in OFDM based...
Sharing of frequency spectrum between licensed primary users and unlicensed secondary users (SUs) requires reliable detection of spectrum occupancy by the SUs. We present a a new cooperative spectrum sensing in OFDM system based on MIMO cognitive radio (CR) sensor networks. We present a new interference temperature estimation approach based on OFDM technique in MIMO system. Frequency spectrum sensing...
In this paper, we consider cooperative spectrum sensing in OFDM based on energy detection in MIMO cognitive radio sensor networks. Soft combination of the observed energy values from different cognitive radio users is investigated. Square-law-combining (SLC) is theoretically proved to be nearly optimal in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region, an usual scenario in the context of MIMO cognitive radio...
The selective adsorption of Cr (VI) from the wastewater of Cr (VI)–Ni (II) by magnetically iron–nickel oxide was investigated in this study. Synthetic iron–nickel oxide magnetic particles in the co-sedimentation method were used as adsorbent to remove hexavalent chromium ions. The characteristic of adsorption was evaluated by Langmuir, Freundlich isotherm and Dubinin–Kaganer–Radushkevich (DKR) equations...
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