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New longitudinal profiles through the upper Oligocene Enspel Formation have been constructed based on previously published data and unpublished drilling records. The lithofacies is reinterpreted. The Enspel Formation represents deposits of a deep crater lake, Lake Enspel. The crater rim had steep inner slopes that remained intact until the end of deposition. There was no fluvial input. Alluvial inputs...
Lake Enspel was a deep lake which developed in a small trachytic caldera or Bims volcano. In normal times, the lake was meromictic and eutrophic and had no outlet. Background sedimentation together with periodical phytoplankton blooms led to laminated, undisturbed sediments that alternated with coarse mass flows and/or turbidites. During turnovers caused by these episodical sediment inputs, the lake...
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