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This chapter is focused on the development of experiments and theory of using solid-state nanopores for sensing single protein molecules in their native and unfolded states. Proteins serve diverse roles such as transport carriers, catalysts, molecular motors, cellular structural support, and others that make life possible. Because of these widely differing roles, proteins have an enormously diverse...
Subpixel-based downsampling has shown its advantages over pixel-based downsampling in terms of preserving more spatial details along edges and generating sharper images, at the cost of certain amount of color-fringing artifacts in the downsampled image. To balance the sharpness and color-fringing artifacts, some algorithms are proposed to design optimal anti-aliasing (AA) filters, which are either...
The next generation standard of coding, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) aims to provide significantly improved compression performance in comparison with all existing video coding standards, such as MPEG-4, H.263, and H.264/AVC. The tool of rate-distortion optimization (RDO) mode decision has proven to be extremely important. Due to the increase in the number of intra prediction directions and...
Images encoded at low bit rate usually exhibit visually annoying coding artifacts, commonly referred as the blocking artifacts. The reason for causing blocking artifacts is that each 8×8 block is quantized and encoded independently, which results in block discontinuities between neighboring blocks. In this paper, a convex optimization problem is formulated to deal with the blocking artifacts. Total...
Among existing interpolation methods, convolution-based methods are able to perform arbitrary factor interpolation but the results are usually blurry or jaggy, adaptive interpolation methods usually can reduce the blurry and jaggy artifacts but cannot handle arbitrary factor interpolation. In this paper we propose an arbitrary factor adaptive interpolation algorithm by combining 2-D piecewise autoregressive...
Motion estimation (ME) is one of the key elements in video coding standard which eliminates the temporal redundancy by using a motion vector (MV) to indicate the best match between the current frame and reference frame. A coarse to fine process is taken to find the best MV. First of all, integer-pixel ME finds a coarse MV and followed by the sub-pixel ME around the best integer-pixel point. The sub-pixel...
Multimedia streaming service providers such as YouTube often need to design caching strategy based on predicted future media content propagation pattern. It is commonly observed that social network behavior tends to have great correlation with the content propagation pattern. In this paper, we propose an Advanced Independent Cascade Model (AICM) which is an extension of the existing ICM method to...
3D technologies such like three-dimensional television and free viewpoint television have caught enormous attentions in the consumer market recently. However, because of the inaccurate camera configuration and environmental constraint, there are errors in the assumed equally-spaced camera intervals. In this paper, we propose a novel camera spacing correction algorithm to detect the spacing errors...
Least square regression has been widely used in image interpolation. Some existing regression-based interpolation methods used ordinary least squares (OLS) to formulate cost functions. These methods usually have difficulties at object boundaries because OLS is sensitive to outliers. Weighted least squares (WLS) is then adopted to solve the outlier problem. Some weighting schemes have been proposed...
Cost aggregation is the most essential step for dense stereo correspondence searching, which measures the similarity between pixels in the stereo images. In this paper, based on the analysis of the optimal adaptive weight, we propose a novel support aggregation strategy by adaptive weighting selection. The proposed method calculates the aggregation cost by the joint optimization of both left and right...
The deblocking filter in H.264/AVC is one of the most time consuming part of video decoder as its high content adaptation and data dependency lead to lots of computation. In this paper, we propose a novel parallel deblocking filter design based on the H.264/AVC video coding standard, taking the advantage that the data dependency of the deblocking filter are “periodic” in one dimension. Our proposed...
Halftone image watermarking has been explored and developed rapidly over the past decade. However, there are still issues to be studied. This paper presents a data hiding method called Data Hiding by Dual Color Conjugate Error Diffusion (DHDCCED) to hide a binary secret pattern into two error diffused color halftone images, such that when the two color halftone images are overlaid, the secret pattern...
In this paper, we propose an adaptive truncate k-bit re-configurable approximation (aTra) method which can achieve similar video coding efficiency as the original transform but substitute all low efficient multiplication by conformed shifting and addition operations, lifting the utilization of the hardware implementation and making simple hardware implementation and high efficiency pipeline design...
In this paper, a novel plane fitting algorithm with low complexity and high accuracy is proposed to refine the depth maps generated by stereo matching. We first compute the confidence coefficient for each pixel in the depth map by cross checking and stable pixel calculation. According to the outlier pixel percentage for each segment, we choose one method, either proposed weighted least square error...
In this paper, we propose a simple but effective adaptive bilateral filter considering local characteristics. The presented method exploits the local gaussian gradient information of the processing image and applies bilateral filter with changing the range filter parameter adaptively. The proposed adaptive bilateral filter could preserve more details of the image compared with original...
Scanning of quantized transform coefficients is a very significant procedure in video coding. In H.264, it affects the coding efficiency of the following CABAC or CAVLC entropy coder directly. In this paper, we propose a novel edge-based predictive scanning scheme to improve the coding efficiency for inter-frame coding. This scheme includes three scanning pattern candidates. Besides zigzag pattern...
In current video coding standard H.264/AVC, pixel prediction is applied to reduce spatial and temporal redundancy existed in video signal. Previously, it has been shown that better coding performance is achieved compared to H.264/AVC by combining inter and intra prediction to generate a more accurate prediction. In this paper, an improved combined prediction scheme is presented which allows the video...
In order to further improve video coding efficiency, a novel adaptive sub-pixel interpolation filter is presented in this paper. Considering the local image characteristics, the proposed method designs interpolation filters for sub-pixels in low-frequent and high-frequent areas separately. And in order to reduce the header information, flexible symmetry is assumed for each filter. Experimental results...
An application of the inversion propagation model and GIS for the wireless cellular network coverage optimization is presented here. Coverage prediction in a wireless cellular network is treated as an inversion problem and the inversion propagation model is applied in the wireless optimization system. So the rational and effective cell coverage analysis can be ensured in the system. The accuracy of...
Motion Estimation (ME) is the most computationally intensive part in the whole video compression process. The ME algorithms can be divided into full search ME (FS) and fast ME (FME). The FS is not suitable for high definition (HD) frame size videos because its relevant high computation load and hard to deal with complex motions in limited search range. A lot of FME algorithms have been proposed which...
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