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Background
As one of the most important indicators of socioeconomic status, educational attainment (EA) exhibits a strong association with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Despite this link, there is a lack of evidence regarding the causal role of EA in either facilitating or preventing TMDs.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the causal effect of education on TMDs and explore potential...
Background
Previous studies investigated the associations between obesity and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), but the evidence for the causal inferences was unclear.
Objective
We aimed to investigate the causal link between life course adiposity and TMDs.
Methods
Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were performed using genetic instruments for birth weight (BW) (N = 261 932), childhood body...
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