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The lack of a practical small animal model to study the immunogenicity of Salmonella typi-based live vector vaccines expressing foreign antigens has seriously impeded the vaccine development process. For some foreign antigens, stimulation of serum IgG antibody is the desired, protective immune response. We administered to mice, by orogastric or intranasal (i.n.) routes, attenuated ΔaroCΔaroD S....
The anticapsular antibody response of Chilean infants to a single dose of Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine is substantially higher than that observed among infants of similar age from the USA. Comparison of selected demographic and environmental factors indicates that low maternal education and a greater number of persons in the home are significantly...
We report the expression of fragment C of tetanus toxin (FC) fused to the eukaryotic cell binding domain (the carboxyl-terminus) of diphtheria toxin (FC-bDt fusion) in attenuatedSalmonella typhi live vector vaccine strain CVD 908. The FC-bDt protein fusion was constructed using plasmid pTETnir15 which carries the gene encoding FC under control of the nirB promoter ( nirB P)...
In the absence of a definitive immunologic correlate of protection against shigellosis, promising Shigella vaccine candidates have been selected based on their ability to confer resistance against experimental challenge with wild-type Shigella in healthy adult volunteers. A limitation of this model has been the low and often variable attack rate of illness among controls, necessitating repeated inpatient...
Among the known colonization factors of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), CFA/I and CS3 (the common antigen in the CFA/II family of fimbrial antigens) are two of the most prevalent fimbrial antigens found in clinical isolates but are never expressed by the same wild-type strain. We manipulated the genetic determinants encoding CS3 and CFA/I fimbriae so that these two important colonization...
In previous trials, live invasive Escherichia coli-Shigella flexneri 2a hybrid vaccine candidate EcSf2a-2, administered to adult volunteers as 3 doses of ca. 2 10 9 colony forming units (c.f.u.) spaced over one week, induced fever and/or diarrhea in 11% of subjects and provided only limited protection (36% efficacy) against illness following challenge with virulent S. flexneri 2a. We sought...
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