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Background
Although avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and SARS‐CoV‐2 belong to different genera of the Coronaviridae family, exposure to IBV may result in the development of cross‐reactive antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 due to homologous epitopes. We aimed to investigate whether antibody responses to IBV cross‐react with SARS‐CoV‐2 in poultry farm personnel who are occupationally exposed...
Pleiotropic roles of IL‐10. Immune cells including regulatory T cells and B cells, ILCregs, macrophages, and DCs produce IL‐10, which exerts both anti‐inflammatory and pro‐inflammatory effects. In an anti‐inflammatory state, IL‐10 suppresses inflammatory signals from several immune cells. In a pro‐inflammatory state, IL‐10 can induce CD8+T cells to release IFN‐γ and granzyme B. The underlying mechanism...
Background
Rhinoviruses are the predominant cause of respiratory viral infections and are strongly associated with asthma exacerbations. While humoral immunity plays an important role during virus infections, cellular aspects of this response are less well understood. Here, we investigated the antiviral response of circulating B cells upon experimental rhinovirus infection in healthy individuals...
During the past years, there has been a global outbreak of allergic diseases, presenting a considerable medical and socioeconomical burden. A large fraction of allergic diseases is characterized by a type 2 immune response involving Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and M2 macrophages. Biomarkers are valuable parameters for precision medicine as they provide information...
B cells play a central role in the immune system through the production of antibodies. During the past two decades, it has become increasingly clear that B cells also have the capacity to regulate immune responses through mechanisms that extend beyond antibody production. Several types of human and murine regulatory B cells have been reported that suppress inflammatory responses in autoimmune disease,...
An increasing number of people suffer from IgE‐mediated food allergies. The immunological mechanisms that cause IgE‐mediated food allergy have been extensively studied. B cells play a key role in the development of IgE‐mediated food allergies through the production of allergen‐specific antibodies. While this particular function of B cells has been known for many years, we still do not fully understand...
B cells have classically been recognized for their unique and indispensable role in the production of antibodies. Their potential as immunoregulatory cells with anti‐inflammatory functions has received increasing attention during the last two decades. Herein, we highlight pioneering studies in the field of regulatory B cell (Breg) research. We will review the literature on Bregs with a particular...
In this review, we discuss recent publications on asthma and review the studies that have reported on the different aspects of the prevalence, risk factors and prevention, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of asthma. Many risk and protective factors and molecular mechanisms are involved in the development of asthma. Emerging concepts and challenges in implementing the exposome paradigm and its...
Background
Asthma patients present with distinct immunological profiles, with a predominance of type 2 endotype. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of high‐altitude treatment on the clinical and immunological response in asthma.
Methods
Twenty‐six hospitalized asthma patients (nine eosinophilic allergic; EA, nine noneosinophilic allergic; NEA and eight noneosinophilic nonallergic;...
Background
Protein crystallographic studies suggest that the house dust mite (HDM) allergen Der p 5 potentially interacts with hydrophobic ligands. Der p 5, in association with its ligand(s), might therefore trigger innate immune signalling pathways in the airway epithelium and influence the initiation of the HDM‐allergic response.
Objective
We investigated the lipid binding propensities of recombinant...
All body surfaces are exposed to a wide variety of microbes, which significantly influence immune reactivity within the host. This review provides an update on some of the critical novel findings that have been published on the influence of the microbiome on atopic dermatitis, food allergy and asthma. Microbial dysbiosis has consistently been observed in the skin, gut and lungs of patients with atopic...
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