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This paper investigates the process of the Newton Raphson (N-R) method with flat voltage start when it is used for systems with small impedance branches. And find out that the divergence occurs in the cases which both ends of the small impedance branch are connected to PQ buses. Even under the cases with the divergence problem the Jacobian matrix is still nonsingular and the equations are solvable,...
The small impedance branch is a primary factor that results in the divergence of the power flow methods. The study of the methods of power calculation in Newton-Raphson (N-R) method and backward/forward sweep (BFS) method indicates that the method of power calculation together with small impedances may result in the convergence problem. The impact of small impedance branches on the convergence of...
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